Kummrow Maya S, Brüne Martin
J Zoo Wildl Med. 2018 Jun;49(2):259-271. doi: 10.1638/2017-0137.1.
Despite the growing knowledge and literature on primate medicine, assessment and treatment of behavioral abnormalities in nonhuman primates (NHPs) is an underdeveloped field. There is ample evidence for similarity between humans and great apes, including basic neurologic physiology and emotional processes, and no substantial argument exists against a concept of continuity for abnormal conditions in NHPs that emerge in response to adverse experiences, akin to human psychopathology. NHPs have served as models for human psychopathologies for many decades, but the acquired knowledge has only hesitantly been applied to primates themselves. This review aims to raise awareness among the veterinary community of the wealth of literature on NHP psychopathologies in human medicine and anthropology literature and calls for the necessity to include mental health assessments and professionally structured treatment approaches in NHP medicine. Growing understanding about causes and pathogenesis of abnormal behavior in NHP will not only help to prevent the development of undesirable behaviors but also allow for treatment and management of long-lived, already affected animal patients.
尽管关于灵长类医学的知识和文献不断增加，但对非人灵长类动物（NHPs）行为异常的评估和治疗仍是一个未充分发展的领域。有充分证据表明人类与大猩猩之间存在相似性，包括基本神经生理和情感过程，并且对于NHPs因不良经历而出现的异常状况类似于人类精神病理学这一连续性概念，不存在实质性争议。几十年来，NHPs一直作为人类精神病理学的模型，但所获得的知识只是勉强应用于灵长类动物自身。本综述旨在提高兽医界对人类医学和人类学文献中有关NHPs精神病理学丰富文献的认识，并呼吁在NHPs医学中纳入心理健康评估和专业结构化治疗方法的必要性。对NHPs异常行为的原因和发病机制的日益了解不仅有助于预防不良行为的发展，还能对长寿且已受影响的动物患者进行治疗和管理。
