Hu Yichun, Li Min, Chen Jing, Wang Rui, Li Weidong, Yang Yanhua, Yang Chun, Yun Chunfeng, Yang Xiaoguang, Yang Lichen
Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of National Health and Family Planning Commission, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
Wei Sheng Yan Jiu. 2017 May;46(3):361-372.
By analyzing the levels of hemoglobin, vitamin A and vitamin D in Chinese rural pregnant women during 2010-2012, the changes of the prevalence of anemia were evaluated, and the nutritional status of vitamin A and vitamin D were evaluated.
All the data in this study came from the China Nutrition and Health Survey in 2010-2012. By using multi-stage stratified sampling and population proportional stratified random sampling method, pregnant women from 45 ordinary ruralareas and 30 poor rural areas were included in this study. 1 763 cases of blood hemoglobin concentration were determined by cyanmethemoglobin method. 601 cases of retinol level were determined by high performance liquid chromatography method. 979 cases of 25-hydroxy vitamin D level were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. The level of blood hemoglobin and the prevalence of anemia, the level of vitamin A and the prevalence of VAD, the level of vitamin D and the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency were analyzed.
In 2010-2012, the level of blood hemoglobin of Chinese city pregnant women was 123. 60( 113. 80-133. 50) g/L, 123. 10( 114. 00-132. 20) g/L for ordinary rural area and 125. 40( 113. 30-136. 80) g/L for poor rural area. The level of blood hemoglobin of ordinary rural area was statistically higher than that of poor rural area( P = 0. 020). The anemia prevalence of Chinese rural pregnant women was 17. 58%, 16. 10% for ordinary rural area and 20. 19% for poor rural area. Statistically difference was found between different areas( P = 0. 029). The level of vitamin A of Chinese rural pregnant women was 1. 53( 1. 18-1. 98) μmol/L. The prevalence of VAD of Chinese county pregnant women was 3. 49%, the marginal deficiency rate was 12. 81%. The level of vitamin D of Chinese city pregnant women was 15. 55( 11. 94-19. 90) ng/m L. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency of Chinese rural pregnant women was up to 75. 38%, 65. 36% for ordinary rural area and 87. 42% for poor rural area. Significant difference was observed in the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency between ordinary and poor rural areas( P < 0. 001).
The prevalence of anemia in Chinese rural pregnant women improve from 2002 to 2012, but still higher than other populations. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women is generally more serious, while there is a certain percentage of vitamin A marginal deficiency.
通过分析2010 - 2012年中国农村孕妇血红蛋白、维生素A和维生素D水平，评估贫血患病率的变化情况，并评价维生素A和维生素D的营养状况。
本研究所有数据来自2010 - 2012年中国营养与健康调查。采用多阶段分层抽样和人口比例分层随机抽样方法，纳入45个普通农村地区和30个贫困农村地区的孕妇。采用氰化高铁血红蛋白法测定1763例孕妇的血红蛋白浓度。采用高效液相色谱法测定601例孕妇的视黄醇水平。采用酶联免疫吸附测定法测定979例孕妇的25 - 羟基维生素D水平。分析血红蛋白水平与贫血患病率、维生素A水平与维生素A缺乏症患病率、维生素D水平与维生素D缺乏症患病率。
2010 - 2012年，中国城市孕妇血红蛋白水平为123.60（113.80 - 133.50）g/L，普通农村地区为123.10（114.00 - 132.20）g/L，贫困农村地区为125.40（113.30 - 136.80）g/L。普通农村地区的血红蛋白水平在统计学上高于贫困农村地区（P = 0.020）。中国农村孕妇贫血患病率为17.58%，普通农村地区为16.10%，贫困农村地区为20.19%。不同地区之间存在统计学差异（P = 0.029）。中国农村孕妇维生素A水平为1.53（1.18 - 1.98）μmol/L。中国农村孕妇维生素A缺乏症患病率为3.49%，边缘缺乏率为12.81%。中国城市孕妇维生素D水平为15.55（11.94 - 19.90）ng/mL。中国农村孕妇维生素D缺乏症患病率高达75.38%，普通农村地区为65.36%，贫困农村地区为87.42%。普通农村地区和贫困农村地区维生素D缺乏症患病率存在显著差异（P < 0.001）。
从2002年到2012年，中国农村孕妇贫血患病率有所改善，但仍高于其他人群。孕妇维生素D缺乏症患病率普遍较为严重，同时存在一定比例的维生素A边缘缺乏情况。
