Chen J, Hu Y C, Yang C, Yun C F, Wang R, Mao D Q, Li W D, Yang Y H, Yang X G, Yang L C
National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Beijing 100050, China.
Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2017 Feb 6;51(2):121-124. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-9624.2017.02.005.
To assess the vitamin A nutritional status of the Chinese urban elderly population by analyzing serum retinol level in 2010-2012. Data were collected from the Chinese National Nutrition and Health Survey in 2010-2012. Using the multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method, serum samples from elderly residents aged ≥60 years old were obtained from 34 metropolis and 41 middle-sized and small cities. Demographic data were collected using a questionnaire survey. The serum retinol concentration was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) was determined using the World Health Organization guidelines. A total of 3 200 elderly residents were included in the study. The serum retinol levels and prevalence of VAD and marginal VAD were also compared. The serum retinol concentration ((50)((25)-(75))) of Chinese urban elderly residents was 1.83 (1.37-2.39) μmoL/L. Compared with middle-sized and small cities (1.91 (1.47-2.48) μmol/L), the retinol level of senior citizens in metropolis (1.70 (1.25-2.25) μmol/L) was significantly lower (0.001). The serum retinol levels of elderly male (1.89 (1.37-2.47) μmoL/L) was significantly higher than that of female (1.80 (1.36-2.28) μmoL/L) (0.001). The serum retinol concentration was 1.87 (1.42-2.43), 1.78 (1.32-2.33), and 1.71 (1.24-2.24) μmol/L for 60-69, 70-79, and ≥80 years olds, respectively. The retinol level in elderly people ≥70 years olds was significantly lower than that of 60-69 years olds (0.001). The overall prevalence of VAD among Chinese urban elderly residents was 4.22% (135/3 200); 6.00% (81/1 350) for metropolis residents and 2.92% (54/1 850) for middle-sized and small city residents. The overall marginal VAD rate of Chinese urban elderly residents was 8.19% (262/3 200); 10.51% (142/1 350) for metropolis residents and 6.49% (120/1 850) for medium-sized and small city residents. The prevalence of VAD and marginal VAD for males was 3.87% (61/1 577) and 8.24% (130/1 577), respectively (0.05). The prevalence of VAD according to age group was 3.65% (72/1 975), 4.96% (50/1 008), and 5.99% (13/217), respectively(=0.097). The prevalence of marginal VAD according to age group was 6.99% (138/1 975), 9.82% (99/1 008), and 11.52% (25/217), respectively(=0.05). Chinese urban elderly residents showed various levels of VAD, although marginal VAD was quite common. As VAD was more common in metropolis residents and older residents, specific strategies should target these populations.
通过分析2010 - 2012年血清视黄醇水平来评估中国城市老年人群的维生素A营养状况。数据来自2010 - 2012年中国国家营养与健康调查。采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法，从34个大城市和41个中小城市中获取年龄≥60岁老年居民的血清样本。通过问卷调查收集人口统计学数据。采用高效液相色谱法测定血清视黄醇浓度。根据世界卫生组织指南判定维生素A缺乏（VAD）情况。本研究共纳入3200名老年居民。同时比较了血清视黄醇水平以及VAD和边缘性VAD的患病率。中国城市老年居民血清视黄醇浓度（(50)((25)-(75))）为1.83（1.37 - 2.39）μmoL/L。与中小城市（1.91（1.47 - 2.48）μmol/L）相比，大城市老年居民的视黄醇水平（有显著差异（0.001）。老年男性血清视黄醇水平（1.89（1.37 - 2.47）μmoL/L）显著高于女性（1.80（1.36 - 2.28）μmoL/L）（0.001）。60 - 69岁、70 - 79岁和≥80岁老年人的血清视黄醇浓度分别为1.87（1.42 - 2.43）、1.78（1.32 - 2.33）和1.71（1.24 - 2.24）μmol/L。≥70岁老年人的视黄醇水平显著低于60 - 69岁老年人（0.001）。中国城市老年居民中VAD的总体患病率为4.22%（135/3200）；大城市居民为6.00%（81/1350），中小城市居民为2.92%（54/1850）。中国城市老年居民边缘性VAD的总体发生率为8.19%（262/3200）；大城市居民为10.51%（142/1350），中小城市居民为6.49%（120/1850）。男性VAD和边缘性VAD的患病率分别为3.87%（61/1577）和8.24%（130/1577）（0.05）。按年龄组划分的VAD患病率分别为3.65%（72/1975）、4.96%（50/1008）和5.99%（13/217）（=0.097）。按年龄组划分的边缘性VAD发生率分别为6.99%（138/1975）、9.82%（99/1008）和11.52%（25/217）（=0.05）。中国城市老年居民存在不同程度的VAD，尽管边缘性VAD相当普遍。由于VAD在大城市居民和老年居民中更为常见，应针对这些人群制定具体策略。
