Zhang Y, Liu X B, Yang L C, Chen J, Wang R, Yang X G, Piao J H, Mao D Q
National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Beijing 100050, China.
Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2017 Feb 6;51(2):117-120. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-9624.2017.02.004.
To investigate the vitamin A nutritional status of 6- to 17-year-old urban children and adolescents by analyzing serum retinol level, between 2010 and 2012 in China. Data were obtained from the China Nutrition and Health Survey in 2010-2012. Using multi-stage stratified sampling and the population proportional stratified random sampling method, 6 617 children aged 6-17 years from 32 metropolis and 41 middle-sized and small cities of China were selected. The questionnaire survey was used to collect demographic information. Blood samples were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography to determine serum retinol concentration, and the World Health Organization guidelines were used to evaluate the nutritional status of vitamin A. Vitamin A levels, vitamin A deficiency, and marginal vitamin A deficiency in children with different characteristics were compared. A total of 3 785 cases with valid samples were obtained. The overall mean serum retinol concentration level was (1.49±0.71) μmol/L; the mean serum retinol concentration was (1.55±0.69) μmol/L for metropolis and (1.49±0.75) μmol/L for middle-sized and small cities (0.05). The mean serum retinol concentration was (1.52±0.78) μmol/L for boys and (1.47±0.68) μmol/L for girls (0.05). The mean serum retinol concentration level was (1.46±0.70) μmol/L for 6- to 11-year-old children and (1.54±0.65) μmol/L for 12- to 17-year-old children (0.05). The total vitamin A deficiency rate and marginal vitamin A deficiency rate was 7.69% (291/3 785) and 18.57% (703/3 785), respectively. The vitamin A deficiency rate was 8.00% (36/450) for metropolis and 7.64% (65/3 335) for middle-sized and small cities; 8.12% (155/1 908) for boys and 7.25% (136/1 877) for girls; and 8.04% (171/2 115) for 6- to 11-year-old children and 7.18% (120/1 670) for 12- to 17-year-old children. No significant differences were observed for region, sex, or age (0.05). The marginal vitamin A deficiency rate was 19.11% (86/450) for metropolis and 18.50% (617/3 335) for middle-sized and small cities; 18.19% (347/1 908) for boys and 18.97% (356/1 877) for girls, with no significant differences observed (0.05). The marginal vitamin A deficiency rate was 16.54% (350/2 115) for 6- to 11-year-old children and 21.13% (353/1 670) for 12- to 17-year-old children (0.05). The vitamin A nutritional status of 6- to 17-year-old Chinese urban children and adolescents between 2010 and 2012 has improved, and the gap between cities is narrowing. However, vitamin A deficiency overall remains high, especially in younger children, and requires specific attention.
为通过分析血清视黄醇水平调查2010年至2012年期间中国6至17岁城市儿童及青少年的维生素A营养状况。数据来源于2010 - 2012年中国营养与健康调查。采用多阶段分层抽样及按人口比例分层随机抽样方法，选取了来自中国32个大城市以及41个中小城市的6617名6至17岁儿童。通过问卷调查收集人口统计学信息。采用高效液相色谱法分析血样以测定血清视黄醇浓度，并依据世界卫生组织指南评估维生素A营养状况。比较了不同特征儿童的维生素A水平、维生素A缺乏及边缘性维生素A缺乏情况。共获得3785例有效样本。总体血清视黄醇浓度平均水平为(1.49±0.71)μmol/L；大城市血清视黄醇浓度均值为(1.55±0.69)μmol/L，中小城市为(1.49±0.75)μmol/L（P>0.05）。男孩血清视黄醇浓度均值为(1.52±0.78)μmol/L，女孩为(1.47±0.68)μmol/L（P>0.05）。6至11岁儿童血清视黄醇浓度平均水平为(1.46±0.70)μmol/L，12至17岁儿童为(1.54±0.65)μmol/L（P>0.05）。维生素A总缺乏率和边缘性维生素A缺乏率分别为7.69%（291/3785）和18.57%（703/3785）。大城市维生素A缺乏率为8.00%（36/450），中小城市为7.64%（65/3335）；男孩为8.12%（155/1908），女孩为7.25%（136/1877）；6至11岁儿童为8.04%（(171/2115），12至17岁儿童为7.18%（120/1670）。地区、性别及年龄间差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。大城市边缘性维生素A缺乏率为19.11%（86/450），中小城市为18.50%（617/3335）；男孩为18.19%（347/1908），女孩为18.97%（356/1877），差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。6至11岁儿童边缘性维生素A缺乏率为16.54%（350/2115），12至17岁儿童为21.13%（353/1670）（P>0.05）。2010年至2012年期间中国6至17岁城市儿童及青少年的维生素A营养状况有所改善，城市间差距正在缩小。然而，总体维生素A缺乏情况仍然严重，尤其是年幼儿童，需要特别关注。
