Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Institute of Kidney Disease Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Am J Med. 2018 Dec;131(12):1482-1490.e3. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2018.05.021. Epub 2018 Jun 12.
Drinking coffee can raise public health problems, but the association between coffee and kidney disease is unknown. We studied whether coffee intake can affect the development of chronic kidney disease in the general population.
We analyzed 8717 subjects with normal renal function recruited from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES) cohort. Based on a food frequency questionnaire, coffee consumption was categorized into 5 groups: 0 per week, <1 cup per week, 1-6 cups per week, 1 cup per day, and ≥2 cups per day. The primary outcome was incident chronic kidney disease, defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min/1.73 m.
The mean age (standard deviation) of study subjects was 52.0 (8.8) years, and 47.8% were male. Among the subjects, 52.8% were daily coffee consumers. During a mean follow-up of 11.3 (range, 5.9-11.5) years, 9.5% of participants developed chronic kidney disease. The incident chronic kidney disease occurred less in daily coffee consumers. Unadjusted hazard ratios (HRs) was significantly lower in daily coffee consumers. In multivariable Cox model even after adjustment of blood pressure, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and amount of daily intake for caffeine-containing foods such as tea and chocolate, coffee consumers with 1 cup per day (HR, 0.76; 95% confidence interval, 0.63-0.92) and ≥2 cups per day (HR, 0.80; 95% confidence interval, 0.65-0.98) were associated with a lower risk of chronic kidney disease development than nondrinkers. Time-averaged and time-varying Cox models yielded similar results. The rates of decline in glomerular filtration were lower in daily coffee consumers.
Our findings suggest that daily coffee intake is associated with decreased risk of the development of chronic kidney disease.
喝咖啡可能会引发公共健康问题，但咖啡与肾脏疾病之间的关系尚不清楚。我们研究了喝咖啡是否会影响普通人群慢性肾脏病的发生。
我们分析了韩国基因组与流行病学研究（KoGES）队列中 8717 名肾功能正常的受试者。基于食物频率问卷，将咖啡摄入量分为 5 组：每周 0 杯、每周<1 杯、每周 1-6 杯、每天 1 杯和每天≥2 杯。主要结局是新发慢性肾脏病，定义为估算肾小球滤过率<60mL/min/1.73m。
研究对象的平均年龄（标准差）为 52.0（8.8）岁，47.8%为男性。其中，52.8%为每日咖啡饮用者。在平均 11.3 年（范围：5.9-11.5 年）的随访期间，9.5%的参与者发生慢性肾脏病。与不喝咖啡者相比，每日喝咖啡者发生慢性肾脏病的风险显著降低。未经调整的危险比（HR）明显较低。在多变量 Cox 模型中，即使调整了血压、高血压、心血管疾病、糖尿病以及茶和巧克力等含咖啡因食物的每日摄入量，每天饮用 1 杯咖啡（HR，0.76；95%置信区间，0.63-0.92）和每天饮用≥2 杯咖啡（HR，0.80；95%置信区间，0.65-0.98）的咖啡饮用者发生慢性肾脏病的风险也较低。时间平均和时间变化 Cox 模型得出了类似的结果。与不喝咖啡者相比，每日喝咖啡者的肾小球滤过率下降速度较慢。
我们的研究结果表明，每日喝咖啡与慢性肾脏病发生风险降低有关。
