Cholangiocarcinoma Screening and Care Program (CASCAP), Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Institute of Zoology 1: Ecology and Parasitology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany; State Museum of Natural History Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany.
Cholangiocarcinoma Screening and Care Program (CASCAP), Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
Adv Parasitol. 2018;101:1-39. doi: 10.1016/bs.apar.2018.05.001. Epub 2018 May 24.
There have been considerable advances in our understanding of the systematics and ecology of Opisthorchis viverrini; however, this new knowledge has not only clarified but also complicated the situation. We now know that what was once considered to be a single species is, in fact, a species complex, with the individual species being confined to specific wetland areas. There is also a strong genetic association between the members of the O. viverrini species complex and their Bithynia snail intermediate hosts. Although this does not negate data collected before the recognition of this situation, it does lead to the caveat that regional and temporal variations in data collected may be related to the species examined. The advances in ecology have generally been spatially limited and have led, in part, to contradictory results that may well be related to nonrecognition of the species studied. It may also be related to natural temporal and spatial variation related, for example, to habitat characteristics. To understand the variation present, it will be necessary to conduct long-term (several years at least) sampling projects after defining the genetic characteristics of O. viverrini sensu lato and its Bithynia snail intermediate hosts.
我们对肝片形吸虫的系统发育和生态学有了相当大的了解；然而，这些新知识不仅澄清了情况，而且使情况变得更加复杂。我们现在知道，曾经被认为是单一物种的实际上是一个物种复合体，每个物种都局限于特定的湿地地区。肝片形吸虫物种复合体的成员与其中间宿主豆螺之间也存在强烈的遗传关联。尽管这并没有否定在认识到这种情况之前收集的数据，但它确实提醒人们，收集的数据的区域和时间变化可能与所检查的物种有关。生态学的进展通常在空间上受到限制，并且部分导致了相互矛盾的结果，这些结果很可能与未识别研究的物种有关。这也可能与自然的时间和空间变化有关，例如与栖息地特征有关。为了了解存在的变异，有必要在确定广义肝片形吸虫及其中间宿主豆螺的遗传特征后，进行长期（至少几年）的采样项目。
