Department of Internal Medicine, Emory University, 49 Jesse Hill Jr. Dr. SE, Atlanta, GA 30303, United States.
Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University, 1365 Clifton Road Building C, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, 1365 Clifton Road Building C, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States.
Oral Oncol. 2018 Jul;82:61-68. doi: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2018.05.005. Epub 2018 May 26.
Laryngeal cancer (LC) remains a challenging disease to treat. The majority of LCs diagnosed worldwide are squamous cell carcinomas (SCC), and current treatment guidelines are designed to address conventional laryngeal SCC. However, several histologically rare tumor types can originate in the larynx. There is a lack of guidelines regarding the best therapeutic approaches to these tumors and their treatment is often modeled after their recommended management at non-laryngeal sites. Understanding the role for systemic therapy in these rare tumors is important, especially for patients with advanced disease or those who are not surgical candidates. We provide in this manuscript a detailed and comprehensive overview of systemic therapy considerations for the following histologic tumor types of the larynx: verrucous carcinoma (VC), HPV-related SCC, basaloid SCC (BSCC), lymphoepithelial carcinoma (LEC), adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC), typical and atypical carcinoid, small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (SCNC), large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNC), NUT midline carcinomas (NUTMC), melanoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma, rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH), lymphoma, mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC), acinic cell carcinoma, and spindle cell carcinoma (SpCC).
喉癌（LC）仍然是一种具有挑战性的疾病。全球大多数诊断出的 LC 都是鳞状细胞癌（SCC），目前的治疗指南旨在解决常规喉 SCC。然而，几种组织学罕见的肿瘤类型也可能起源于喉部。对于这些肿瘤，缺乏最佳治疗方法的指南，其治疗方法通常是根据非喉部位的推荐管理方法来模拟的。了解这些罕见肿瘤的系统治疗作用很重要，尤其是对于晚期疾病或不适合手术的患者。我们在本文中详细全面地概述了以下喉部组织学肿瘤类型的系统治疗注意事项：疣状癌（VC）、HPV 相关 SCC、基底样 SCC（BSCC）、淋巴上皮癌（LEC）、腺鳞癌（ASC）、典型和非典型类癌、小细胞神经内分泌癌（SCNC）、大细胞神经内分泌癌（LCNC）、NUT 中线癌（NUTMC）、黑色素瘤、腺样囊性癌、横纹肌肉瘤（RMS）、恶性纤维组织细胞瘤（MFH）、淋巴瘤、黏液表皮样癌（MEC）、涎腺上皮癌和梭形细胞癌（SpCC）。
