Clinical Unit of Addictive Behaviors, Department of Psychology, University of Oviedo, Pza Feijoo s/n, 33003 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.
Clinical Unit of Addictive Behaviors, Department of Psychology, University of Oviedo, Pza Feijoo s/n, 33003 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.
Addict Behav. 2018 Oct;85:164-172. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.06.011. Epub 2018 Jun 14.
Although impulsivity and sensation seeking have been consistently associated with substance use, few studies have analyzed the relationship between changes in these variables and substance use in early adolescents. The aim of this study was to identify trajectories of impulsivity and sensation seeking and explore their relationship with substance use and heavy drinking. A total of 1342 non-user adolescents (53.6% males; mean age = 12.98, SD = 0.50) annually completed the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, the Zuckerman's Impulsive Sensation Seeking scale and a delay discounting task, over a total period of three years. Past alcohol, tobacco and cannabis use, drunkenness episodes (DE) and problem drinking were also assessed. Impulsivity trajectories were explored using latent class mixed modelling. To study their predictive power binary logistic regressions were used. Two trajectories of impulsivity were found in males and five were found in females. Males with an increasing impulsivity trajectory were more likely to report tobacco [odds ratio (OR) = 1.84] and cannabis (OR = 3.01) use, DE (OR = 2.44) and problem drinking (OR = 3.12). The early increasing trajectory in females predicted tobacco use (OR = 3.71), cannabis use (OR = 5.87) and DE (OR = 3.64). Lack of premeditation and delay discounting were the most relevant facets in high-risk trajectories. Selective intervention and more intense and tailored treatment might help these adolescents to reduce early increases in impulsivity and prevent escalation of substance use.
尽管冲动性和寻求刺激一直与物质使用有关，但很少有研究分析这些变量变化与青少年早期物质使用之间的关系。本研究旨在确定冲动性和寻求刺激的轨迹，并探讨它们与物质使用和酗酒的关系。共有 1342 名非使用者青少年（53.6%为男性；平均年龄为 12.98 岁，标准差为 0.50）在三年内每年完成巴雷特冲动量表、祖克曼冲动寻求量表和延迟折扣任务。还评估了过去的酒精、烟草和大麻使用、醉酒事件（DE）和酗酒问题。使用潜在类别混合建模探索冲动性轨迹。使用二元逻辑回归研究其预测能力。在男性中发现了两种冲动性轨迹，在女性中发现了五种。冲动性呈上升趋势的男性更有可能报告吸烟[比值比 (OR) = 1.84]和大麻使用 (OR = 3.01)、DE (OR = 2.44) 和酗酒问题 (OR = 3.12)。女性早期的上升轨迹预测吸烟 (OR = 3.71)、大麻使用 (OR = 5.87) 和 DE (OR = 3.64)。缺乏预谋和延迟折扣是高风险轨迹中最相关的方面。选择性干预和更密集、更有针对性的治疗可能有助于这些青少年降低冲动性的早期增加，并防止物质使用的升级。
