Latinjak Alexander T, de Las Heras Bernat, Sacot Arnau, Fernandez David, Robinson Daniel, Lane Andrew M
Department of Science and Technology, University of Suffolk, IP3 0FS Ipswich, UK.
Escola Universitària de la Salut i l'Esport, University of Girona, 17190 Salt, Spain.
Sports (Basel). 2018 Jun 13;6(2):55. doi: 10.3390/sports6020055.
We investigated the effects of an intervention that encouraged reflection on organic self-talk used during endurance performance. Using an experimental design, we compared the effects of enhancing metacognitive skills by (a) planning and (b) reviewing and evaluating goal-directed self-talk. Participants completed three time-to-exhaustion cycling task trials in which we hypothesized that the intervention group would perform significantly better than the control group. Further, we expected a reduction in perceived exertion for a given workload among participants following a self-talk intervention. Thirty-four participants completed a time-to-exhaustion cycle ergometer test, after which participants were randomly divided into an intervention and control group. The intervention group performed reflection tasks on performance in the time-to-exhaustion test. Participants completed two further time-to-exhaustion tests. Repeated measures analyses of covariance to test whether the intervention group performed for longer indicated no significant difference in time to exhaustion ( = 0.157). Perceived exertion rates were 2.42% higher in the intervention compared to the control group ( = 0.025). In conclusion, in the intervention group, goal-directed self-talk led to increased sensitisation to perceived exertion, and participants chose to stop exercising at this point rather than repeat implementation of self-talk statements and persist for longer.
我们研究了一种干预措施的效果，该干预措施鼓励人们反思耐力运动中使用的有机自我对话。采用实验设计，我们比较了通过（a）计划和（b）回顾与评估目标导向的自我对话来提高元认知技能的效果。参与者完成了三次力竭时间骑行任务试验，我们假设干预组的表现会显著优于对照组。此外，我们预计在自我对话干预后，参与者在给定工作量下的主观用力感觉会降低。34名参与者完成了一次力竭时间的自行车测力计测试，之后参与者被随机分为干预组和对照组。干预组对力竭时间测试中的表现进行反思任务。参与者又完成了两次力竭时间测试。通过重复测量协方差分析来检验干预组是否表现得更持久，结果表明力竭时间没有显著差异（P = 0.157）。与对照组相比，干预组的主观用力感觉率高2.42%（P = 0.025）。总之，在干预组中，目标导向的自我对话导致对主观用力感觉的敏感度增加，参与者此时选择停止锻炼，而不是重复自我对话语句并坚持更长时间。
