Alene Kefyalew Addis, Atalell Kendalem Asmare
Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
BMC Womens Health. 2018 Jun 18;18(1):97. doi: 10.1186/s12905-018-0608-y.
Providing preferred methods of contraceptive for HIV-positive women and avoiding unintended pregnancy is one of the primary means of preventing mother to child transmission of HIV. This study assessed the prevalence of contraceptive use and method preference among HIV-positive women in Amhara region, Ethiopia.
A cross-sectional survey was conducted among HIV-positive women in three referral hospitals of Amhara region. Data were collected by interviewing HIV-positive women using a pre-tested and structured questionnaire. A binary logistic regression model was used to identify factors associated with contraceptive use, and odd ratio with 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated to measure the strength of association.
A total of 803 women living with HIV (with a response rate of 95.4%) were interviewed. The mean age of the study participants was 32.2 years (SD ± 6.2 years). The prevalence of current contraceptive use was 30.3% (95% CI: 27.0-33.7%). The preferred and most commonly used contraceptive methods were injectable (42.8%) and male condom (32.9%). Younger age group (15-24 years) (AOR = 9.67; 95%CI: 3.45, 27.10), one or more number of living children (AOR = 4.01; 95%CI: 2.07, 7.79), HIV diagnosis > 2-4 years (AOR = 2.37; 95%CI: 1.10, 5.08), and having high CD4 count > 500 cell/ul (AOR = 3.25; 95% CI: 1.42, 7.44) were significantly associated with contraceptive use.
The prevalence of contraceptive use among HIV-positive women in Amhara region referral hospitals is low, which suggests a high risk of unintended pregnancy. Injectable and male condoms are the most preferred type of contraceptive methods. Thus, it is better to integrate these contraceptive methods with ART clinic.
为感染艾滋病毒的女性提供首选的避孕方法并避免意外怀孕是预防艾滋病毒母婴传播的主要手段之一。本研究评估了埃塞俄比亚阿姆哈拉地区感染艾滋病毒女性的避孕使用率和方法偏好。
在阿姆哈拉地区的三家转诊医院对感染艾滋病毒的女性进行了横断面调查。通过使用预先测试和结构化的问卷对感染艾滋病毒的女性进行访谈来收集数据。使用二元逻辑回归模型来确定与避孕使用相关的因素，并计算具有95%置信区间（CI）的比值比以衡量关联强度。
共访谈了803名感染艾滋病毒的女性（回复率为95.4%）。研究参与者的平均年龄为32.2岁（标准差±6.2岁）。当前避孕使用率为30.3%（95%CI：27.0 - 33.7%）。首选且最常用的避孕方法是注射剂（42.8%）和男用避孕套（32.9%）。较年轻年龄组（15 - 24岁）（调整后比值比[AOR]=9.67；95%CI：3.45，27.10）、有一个或多个在世子女（AOR = 4.01；95%CI：2.07，7.79）、艾滋病毒诊断>2 - 4年（AOR = 2.37；95%CI：1.10，5.08）以及CD4细胞计数>500个/微升（AOR = 3.25；95%CI：1.42，7.44）与避孕使用显著相关。
阿姆哈拉地区转诊医院中感染艾滋病毒女性的避孕使用率较低，这表明意外怀孕风险较高。注射剂和男用避孕套是最受欢迎的避孕方法类型。因此，最好将这些避孕方法与抗逆转录病毒治疗诊所相结合。
