Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, NV.
Department of Physical and Occupational Therapy Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, NV.
J Physiol. 2019 Mar;597(5):1283-1298. doi: 10.1113/JP275450. Epub 2018 Jul 19.
A tendon transfers force from the contracting muscle to the skeletal system to produce movement and is therefore a crucial component of the entire muscle-tendon complex and its function. However, tendon research has for some time focused on mechanical properties without any major appreciation of potential cellular and molecular changes. At the same time, methodological developments have permitted determination of the mechanical properties of human tendons in vivo, which was previously not possible. Here we review the current understanding of how tendons respond to loading, unloading, ageing and injury from cellular, molecular and mechanical points of view. A mechanistic understanding of tendon tissue adaptation will be vital for development of adequate guidelines in physical training and rehabilitation, as well as for optimal injury treatment.
肌腱将收缩肌肉的力传递到骨骼系统以产生运动，因此是整个肌肉-肌腱复合体及其功能的关键组成部分。然而，肌腱研究在一段时间内一直专注于机械性能，而没有对潜在的细胞和分子变化有任何重大认识。与此同时，方法学的发展使得以前不可能的情况下，也能够确定人体肌腱的机械性能。在这里，我们从细胞、分子和力学的角度回顾了目前对肌腱如何响应加载、卸载、老化和损伤的理解。对肌腱组织适应性的机制理解对于制定物理训练和康复的适当指南以及优化损伤治疗至关重要。
