Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Weight Management, Boston Medical Center and Boston University School of Medicine, 720 Harrison Avenue, 8th floor, Suite 8100, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.
Center for Transgender Medicine and Surgery, Mount Sinai Health System and Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 275 7th Ave, Suite 1505, New York, NY, 10001, USA.
Rev Endocr Metab Disord. 2018 Sep;19(3):271-275. doi: 10.1007/s11154-018-9452-5.
A lack of access to knowledgeable providers is the greatest reported barrier to care for transgender individuals. The purpose of this manuscript is to review the recent literature characterizing transgender medicine education for medical providers and to summarize effective interventions for improving education in transgender care. The PubMed database was searched for all literature that assessed transgender medical education among physicians or trainees and all papers that reported results of transgender-specific educational interventions. Literature that only evaluated general lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) educational interventions was excluded. The lack of education in transgender care continues among providers across all levels of medical education from medical students and physician trainees to primary care providers, endocrinologists and other specialists involved in transgender care. Several interventions have been shown to effectively improve transgender knowledge and cultural competency. Education among healthcare providers is deficient and is considered a major barrier to care for transgender individuals. Effective interventions should be applied to fundamental medical education. Additional focused education also should be taught with specialty-appropriate content to produce needed proficiency among providers of transgender care.
缺乏有知识的提供者是跨性别者护理中最大的报道障碍。本文的目的是回顾最近描述医疗提供者跨性别医学教育的文献，并总结改善跨性别护理教育的有效干预措施。对评估医生或受训者跨性别医学教育的所有文献以及报告跨性别特定教育干预措施结果的所有论文，在 PubMed 数据库中进行了检索。仅评估一般男女同性恋、双性恋、双性人和变性人（LGBT）教育干预的文献被排除在外。从医学生和医生受训者到初级保健提供者、内分泌学家和其他参与跨性别护理的专家，各级医学教育中的跨性别护理教育仍然缺乏。一些干预措施已被证明可以有效地提高跨性别知识和文化能力。医疗保健提供者的教育不足，被认为是跨性别者护理的主要障碍。有效的干预措施应该应用于基础医学教育。还应教授专门的适当内容，以提高跨性别护理提供者的熟练程度。
