Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, 38 Xue Yuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.
Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Peking University, Beijing, China.
Eur J Nutr. 2018 Jun;57(Suppl 3):77-88. doi: 10.1007/s00394-018-1755-5. Epub 2018 Jun 14.
To describe total fluid intake (TFI) and types of fluid consumed in urban China by age, gender, regions and city socioeconomic status relative to the adequate intakes (AI) set by the Chinese Nutrition Society.
In 2016, participants aged 4-9, 10-17 and 18-55 years were recruited via a door-to-door approach in 27 cities in China. In total, 2233 participants were included. The volumes and sources of TFI were collected using the Liq.In record, assisted by a photographic booklet of standard fluid containers.
The mean daily TFI among children, adolescents and adults were 966, 1177 and 1387 mL, respectively. In each age group, TFI was significantly higher in male vs female (981 vs 949, 1240 vs 1113, 1442 vs 1332; mL). Approximately 45, 36 and 28% of children, adolescents and adults reached the AI. Although plain water was the highest contributor to TFI, the contribution of sugar sweetened beverages (SSB) was ranked in the top three together with water and milk and derivatives. Approximately 27, 48 and 47% of children, adolescents and adults consumed more than one serving of SSB per day, respectively.
A relatively large proportion of participants did not drink enough to meet the AI in urban China. Many children, adolescents and adults consumed more than one serving of SSB per day. A majority of children, adolescents and adults in the study population do not meet both quantitative and qualitative fluid intake requirements, and signal socioeconomic disparities.
描述中国城市各年龄段、性别、地区和城市社会经济地位的总液体摄入量（TFI）和液体消耗类型，与中国营养学会设定的充足摄入量（AI）进行比较。
2016 年，通过上门的方式在中国 27 个城市招募 4-9 岁、10-17 岁和 18-55 岁的参与者。共有 2233 名参与者被纳入研究。使用 Liq.In 记录收集 TFI 的量和来源，同时借助标准液体容器的照片小册子进行辅助。
儿童、青少年和成年人的平均日 TFI 分别为 966、1177 和 1387 毫升。在每个年龄组中，男性的 TFI 明显高于女性（981 比 949、1240 比 1113、1442 比 1332；毫升）。约 45%、36%和 28%的儿童、青少年和成年人达到 AI。尽管白开水是 TFI 的最大贡献者，但含糖饮料（SSB）的贡献与水和牛奶及其衍生物一起排名前三。约 27%、48%和 47%的儿童、青少年和成年人每天分别饮用超过一份 SSB。
在中国城市，相对较大比例的参与者没有喝足够的水来满足 AI。许多儿童、青少年和成年人每天饮用超过一份 SSB。研究人群中的大多数儿童、青少年和成年人既没有满足液体摄入量的数量要求，也没有满足质量要求，这表明存在社会经济差异。
