Department of Biology,University of Hawaii,2538 McCarthy Mall, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822,USA.
Department of Botany,University of Hawaii,3190 Maile Way, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822,USA.
Parasitology. 2019 Jan;146(1):42-49. doi: 10.1017/S0031182018001026. Epub 2018 Jun 21.
Angiostrongylus cantonensis (rat lungworm), a parasitic nematode, is expanding its distribution. Human infection, known as angiostrongyliasis, may manifest as eosinophilic meningitis, an emerging infectious disease. The range and incidence of this disease are expanding throughout the tropics and subtropics. Recently, the Hawaiian Islands have experienced an increase in reported cases. This study addresses factors affecting the parasite's distribution and projects its potential future distribution, using Hawaii as a model for its global expansion. Specimens of 37 snail species from the Hawaiian Islands were screened for the parasite using PCR. It was present on five of the six largest islands. The data were used to generate habitat suitability models for A. cantonensis, based on temperature and precipitation, to predict its potential further spread within the archipelago. The best current climate model predicted suitable habitat on all islands, with greater suitability in regions with higher precipitation and temperatures. Projections under climate change (to 2100) indicated increased suitability in regions with estimated increased precipitation and temperatures, suitable habitat occurring increasingly at higher elevations. Analogously, climate change could facilitate the spread of A. cantonensis from its current tropical/subtropical range into more temperate regions of the world, as is beginning to be seen in the continental USA.
广东住血线虫（鼠肺线虫）是一种寄生性线虫，其分布范围正在扩大。由这种寄生虫引起的感染被称为血管圆线虫病，是一种新发传染病。这种疾病的流行范围和发病率正在热带和亚热带地区不断扩大。最近，夏威夷群岛报告的病例数量有所增加。本研究以夏威夷群岛为模型，探讨影响寄生虫分布的因素，并预测其未来的潜在分布，以了解其在全球范围内的扩张情况。本研究使用 PCR 技术对来自夏威夷群岛的 37 种蜗牛物种进行了寄生虫检测。结果发现，在六个最大的岛屿中有五个岛屿上存在该寄生虫。这些数据被用于根据温度和降水生成广东住血线虫的栖息地适宜性模型，以预测寄生虫在群岛内的潜在进一步传播。目前最佳的气候模型预测所有岛屿都存在适宜的栖息地，降水和温度较高的地区更适宜。在气候变化情景下（到 2100 年）的预测表明，降水和温度估计增加的地区适宜性增加，适宜栖息地越来越多地出现在更高的海拔地区。类似地，气候变化可能会促进广东住血线虫从目前的热带/亚热带范围传播到世界上更多的温带地区，这在美国大陆已经开始显现。
