Steel Argon, Platz Matthew S, Riglos Alyssa-Jade, Garcia Billie Jean, Jacob John, Jarvi Susan I
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawai'i at Hilo, 200 West Kawili St., Hilo, HI 96720, USA.
Department of Chemistry, University of Hawai'i at Hilo, 200 West Kawili St., Hilo, HI 96720, USA.
Foods. 2022 Mar 25;11(7):953. doi: 10.3390/foods11070953.
The parasitic nematode (rat lungworm) is the leading cause of human eosinophilic meningitis worldwide. Most human infections occur through the accidental consumption of hidden within produce as infectious third-stage larvae (L3), yet little research has been published addressing possible methods to mitigate this means of transmission. Here, we describe our tests of ozone gas-an oxidizing agent-and ultrasound, both used for disinfection of food and municipal water supplies and in industrial cleaning. We found that exposure to ozone, produced using two different commercially available ozone generators over varying durations of time and concentrations, was capable of achieving 100% larval mortality. In addition, we evaluated the impact of different sound frequencies on L3 survival using two different commercially available ultrasonic cleaners, and found that 60 s of 40 kHz produced 46% mortality within 2 h. The combined use of ultrasound and ozone gas simultaneously resulted in a minimum of 89% normalized mean percent mortality within 2 h of treatment. Our study suggests that both ozone and ultrasound show high larvicidal efficacy, both independently and together, and thus show promise as methods for reducing the risk of rat lungworm infection via accidental consumption.
寄生线虫（广州管圆线虫）是全球人类嗜酸性粒细胞性脑膜炎的主要病因。大多数人类感染是由于意外食用了作为感染性三期幼虫（L3）隐藏在农产品中的线虫所致，然而，针对减轻这种传播途径的可能方法，发表的研究很少。在此，我们描述了我们对臭氧气体（一种氧化剂）和超声波的测试，这两种方法都用于食品和市政供水的消毒以及工业清洁。我们发现，使用两种不同的市售臭氧发生器在不同的时间和浓度下产生的臭氧进行暴露处理，能够实现100%的幼虫死亡率。此外，我们使用两种不同的市售超声波清洗器评估了不同声音频率对L3存活率的影响，发现40 kHz频率处理60秒在2小时内导致了46%的死亡率。同时使用超声波和臭氧气体在处理2小时内导致至少89%的标准化平均死亡率。我们的研究表明，臭氧和超声波单独使用以及联合使用时都显示出很高的杀幼虫效力，因此有望作为通过意外食用降低感染广州管圆线虫风险的方法。
