Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crop, College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, People's Republic of China.
National Crop Genebank, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
Plant Cell Rep. 2018 Sep;37(9):1325-1342. doi: 10.1007/s00299-018-2315-4. Epub 2018 Jun 20.
Cu/Zn SOD and other genes may be critical indicators of a stress response to reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in 48 h germinated rice embryos subjected to vitrification cryopreservation. In the current study, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation was investigated in 48 h germinated rice embryos during the vitrification-cryopreservation process. We found that vitrification-cryopreservation significantly affected ROS levels, especially superoxide anion levels, in 48 h germinated rice embryos. Malonaldehyde content in the apical meristems of germinated embryos was significantly positively correlated with the rate of superoxide anion generation and the highest levels of malonaldehyde content were reached after vitrification treatment. Cell viability in 48 h germinated embryos was significantly negatively correlated with the rate of superoxide anion generation, malonaldehyde content, and electrolyte leakage. Spatial and temporal patterns in ROS accumulation in these embryos existed during the vitrification procedure. Among the vitrification-cryopreservation treatments we assessed, the preculture treatment was found to stimulate superoxide anion generation and to activate the response system in the apical meristems of germinated embryos. Loading treatments motivated the catalase and ascorbate peroxidase activities. During the vitrification-dehydration treatment, oxidative stress reached the highest levels causing an antioxidative response. This response involved antioxidant enzymes promoting detoxification of ROS. Based on a comprehensive correlation analysis involving ROS accumulation, cell viability, the activities of antioxidant enzymes, and gene expression profiles, Cu/Zn SOD, CAT1, APX7, GR2, GR3, MDHAR1, and DHAR1 may be critical indicators of oxidative stress affected by the vitrification-cryopreservation treatments. The investigation of these antioxidative responses in 48 h germinated rice embryos may, therefore, provide useful information with respect to plant vitrification-cryopreservation.
Cu/Zn SOD 和其他基因可能是 48 小时发芽水稻胚胎玻璃化冷冻保存过程中对活性氧（ROS）积累应激反应的关键指标。在本研究中，研究了玻璃化冷冻保存过程中 48 小时发芽水稻胚胎中活性氧（ROS）的积累。我们发现，玻璃化冷冻保存显著影响了 48 小时发芽水稻胚胎中 ROS 水平，尤其是超氧阴离子水平。萌发胚胎顶端分生组织中的丙二醛含量与超氧阴离子生成率显著正相关，并且在玻璃化处理后达到最高水平。48 小时发芽胚胎的细胞活力与超氧阴离子生成率、丙二醛含量和电解质泄漏呈显著负相关。这些胚胎中 ROS 积累的时空模式在玻璃化过程中存在。在我们评估的玻璃化冷冻保存处理中，预培养处理被发现刺激超氧阴离子生成，并激活萌发胚胎顶端分生组织中的响应系统。加载处理促使过氧化氢酶和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶活性增加。在玻璃化脱水处理过程中，氧化应激达到最高水平，引起抗氧化反应。这种反应涉及抗氧化酶，促进 ROS 的解毒。基于涉及 ROS 积累、细胞活力、抗氧化酶活性和基因表达谱的综合相关分析，Cu/Zn SOD、CAT1、APX7、GR2、GR3、MDHAR1 和 DHAR1 可能是玻璃化冷冻保存处理影响氧化应激的关键指标。因此，对 48 小时发芽水稻胚胎中这些抗氧化反应的研究可能为植物玻璃化冷冻保存提供有用的信息。
