Department of Pediatrics, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY.
Pediatrics and Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA.
J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2018 Dec;39(9):736-743. doi: 10.1097/DBP.0000000000000597.
Infants higher on negative reactivity and lower on regulation, aspects of temperament, have increased obesity risk. Responsive parenting (RP) has been shown to impact the expression of temperament, including the developing ability to regulate negative emotions. The aim of this analysis was to test the effects of the INSIGHT study's RP intervention designed for the primary prevention of obesity on reported and observed infant negativity and regulation.
The sample included 240 mother-infant dyads randomized 2 weeks after birth to the RP intervention or a safety control intervention. Both groups received 4 home visits during the infant's first year. In the RP group, nurses delivered RP guidance in domains of sleep, feeding, soothing, and interactive play. At 1 year, mother-reported temperament was measured by a survey, and a frustration task was used to observe temperament in the laboratory. Effects of the RP intervention were tested using general linear models.
The RP intervention reduced overall reported infant negativity, driven by lower distress to limitations (p < 0.05) and faster recovery from distress (p < 0.01) in the RP group versus controls. There were no intervention effects on reported regulation or observed negativity. The intervention did increase observed regulation, particularly the use of self-comforting strategies (p < 0.05) during the frustration task.
An RP intervention designed for early obesity prevention affected reported infant negativity and observed regulation, outcomes that have been linked with subsequent healthy development. Interventions grounded in an RP framework have the potential for widespread effects on child health and well-being.
具有较高负向反应性和较低调节能力的婴儿，即具有某些气质特征的婴儿，其肥胖风险增加。有研究表明，反应性养育（Responsive Parenting，RP）会影响气质的表达，包括发展调节负性情绪的能力。本分析旨在检验 INSIGHT 研究的 RP 干预措施（旨在进行肥胖的初级预防）对报告和观察到的婴儿负性和调节能力的影响。
该样本包括 240 对母婴对，他们在出生后 2 周被随机分配到 RP 干预组或安全对照干预组。两组在婴儿一岁前都接受了 4 次家访。在 RP 组中，护士在睡眠、喂养、安抚和互动游戏等领域提供 RP 指导。在 1 岁时，通过问卷调查评估母亲报告的气质，通过挫折任务在实验室中观察婴儿的气质。使用一般线性模型检验 RP 干预的效果。
RP 干预降低了整体报告的婴儿负性，这主要是由于 RP 组婴儿的受限性痛苦程度较低（p<0.05）和痛苦恢复较快（p<0.01）。干预对报告的调节或观察到的负性没有影响。干预确实增加了观察到的调节能力，特别是在挫折任务中使用自我安慰策略的频率增加（p<0.05）。
旨在预防早期肥胖的 RP 干预措施影响了报告的婴儿负性和观察到的调节能力，这些结果与后续的健康发展有关。基于 RP 框架的干预措施有可能对儿童的健康和福祉产生广泛的影响。
