1 People's Health Movement, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Int J Health Serv. 2018 Jul;48(3):562-567. doi: 10.1177/0020731418783515. Epub 2018 Jun 21.
Historically, political elites adopted the idea of human rights if, and only if, it could foster their interests. Today, it is thus public interest civil society organizations, and not states, that are left to contribute most to the protection of and the struggle for human rights. Despite human rights being enshrined in constitutions, nowadays they can primarily be effectively claimed by those with access to the courts and by the press, i.e., those in power. Public interest civil society organizations and social movements are the only ones left to play this crucial role. The need for the global human rights movement to bridge the gap that has opened up between itself and the majority of the public is clear. Communications in the human rights domain simply have to become less legalistic and more hands-on. To claim their rights, those rendered poor need real power. Those who have been left poor and oppressed do not ever get to actively claim their rights. Instead they ask for mercy, expect charity, and seek benefits from benevolent masters.
从历史上看,只有当人权符合政治精英的利益时,他们才会采纳人权观念。如今,为了保护和争取人权,做出最大贡献的是公众利益的民间社会组织,而不是国家。尽管人权已被写入宪法,但如今,只有那些有权诉诸法院和媒体的人,即当权者,才能有效地主张人权。公众利益的民间社会组织和社会运动是仅存的能够发挥这一关键作用的力量。显然,全球人权运动需要弥合与大多数公众之间的鸿沟。人权领域的传播必须减少法律主义,更加注重实践。那些沦为穷人的人需要真正的权力来主张自己的权利。那些一直处于贫困和受压迫地位的人从来没有积极主张自己的权利。相反,他们祈求怜悯,期待施舍,从仁慈的主人那里寻求好处。