食品和饮料行业自行制定的统一营养标准对改善加拿大儿童在电视上观看的食品广告健康度的有效性。
The effectiveness of the food and beverage industry's self-established uniform nutrition criteria at improving the healthfulness of food advertising viewed by Canadian children on television.
机构信息
School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Cres., Room 301J, Ottawa, ON, K1G5Z3, Canada.
Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
出版信息
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2018 Jun 22;15(1):57. doi: 10.1186/s12966-018-0694-0.
BACKGROUND
Food and beverage marketing has been identified as an environmental determinant of childhood obesity. The purpose of this study is to assess whether the Uniform Nutrition Criteria established and implemented by companies participating in the self-regulatory Canadian Children's Food and Beverage Advertising Initiative (CAI) had an impact on the healthfulness of food and beverage advertising during television programming with a high share of children in the viewing audience.
METHODS
Data on food advertising were licensed from Numeris for 27 television stations for Toronto for May 2013 and May 2016 (i.e. before and after the implementation of the nutrition criteria). First, television programs that had a child audience share of ≥35% (when the nutrition criteria applied) were identified. Ten percent of these programs were randomly selected and included in the study. After identifying the food and beverage ads that aired during these programs, the nutritional information of advertised products was collected and their healthfulness was assessed using the Pan-American Health Organization (PAHO) and UK Nutrient Profile Models (NPM). The healthfulness of CAI products advertised in May 2013 and 2016 was compared using Chi-square tests.
RESULTS
Although in May 2016, products advertised by CAI companies were more likely to be categorized as healthier by the UK NPM (21.5% versus 6.7%, χ(1) = 12.1,p = 000) compared to those advertised in May 2013, the frequency of advertised products considered less healthy in May 2016 remained very high (78.5%) and comparable to that of products advertised by companies not participating in the CAI (80.0% categorized as less healthy). Furthermore, in both May 2013 and May 2016, 99-100% of CAI advertisements featured products deemed excessive in either fat (total, saturated, trans), sodium or free sugars according to the PAHO NPM.
CONCLUSIONS
Despite modest improvements noted after the implementation of the CAI's Uniform Nutrition Criteria, the healthfulness of most products advertised during programs with a high share of children in the viewing audience remains poor. Mandatory regulations are needed.
背景
食品和饮料营销已被确定为儿童肥胖的环境决定因素之一。本研究的目的是评估参与自我监管的加拿大儿童食品和饮料广告倡议（CAI）的公司制定和实施的统一营养标准是否对儿童观众比例较高的电视节目中的食品和饮料广告的健康程度产生了影响。
方法
从 Numeris 公司获得了 2013 年 5 月和 2016 年 5 月（即营养标准实施前后）多伦多 27 家电视台的食品广告数据。首先，确定儿童观众份额≥35%的电视节目（在营养标准适用时）。从这些节目中随机选择 10%的节目进行研究。在确定播出的食品和饮料广告后，收集广告产品的营养信息，并使用泛美卫生组织（PAHO）和英国营养成分模型（NPM）评估其健康程度。使用卡方检验比较 2013 年 5 月和 2016 年 5 月 CAI 产品的广告健康状况。
结果
尽管 2016 年 5 月，CAI 公司广告的产品更有可能被英国 NPM 归类为更健康（21.5%比 6.7%，χ(1) = 12.1，p = 0.000）与 2013 年 5 月相比，但在 2016 年 5 月，被认为不太健康的广告产品的频率仍然很高（78.5%），与未参与 CAI 的公司广告的产品相当（80.0%被归类为不太健康）。此外，在 2013 年 5 月和 2016 年 5 月，根据 PAHO NPM，CAI 广告 99-100%的广告都宣传了脂肪（总脂肪、饱和脂肪、反式脂肪）、钠或游离糖含量过高的产品。
结论
尽管在实施 CAI 的统一营养标准后，注意到了适度的改善，但在儿童观众比例较高的节目中广告的大多数产品的健康程度仍然很差。需要强制性法规。
Zotero 插件