Dong Xiaolian, Wang Yuzhuo, Chen Yue, Wang Xuecai, Zhu Jianfu, Wang Na, Jiang Qingwu, Fu Chaowei
Deqing County Center of Disease Prevention and Control, Deqing, Zhejiang Province, China.
School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Pudong Institute of Prevention Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
Sleep Breath. 2018 Dec;22(4):1213-1220. doi: 10.1007/s11325-018-1685-8. Epub 2018 Jun 23.
Poor sleep quality is prevalent and is associated with cognitive decline, impaired health, and reduced quality of life. There is a lack of studies about sleep quality and its potential risk factors among rural adults aged 45 years or above under rapid urbanization in China.
In a cross-sectional survey conducted in Deqing County, China in 2015, we included 1584 adults 45+ years of age. Sleep quality was measured by using the Chinese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (CPSQI). Poor sleep quality was defined by a CPSQI global score > 5. Other data collected included sociodemographic and lifestyle factors as well as physical health. Logistic regression model was applied to assess factors influencing sleep quality by calculating crude odds ratio (cOR), adjusted OR (aOR), and their 95% confident intervals (CI).
Of 1584 subjects, more than half were female with an average age of 58.9 ± 8.1 years. Their night sleep duration was 7.7 ± 1.2 h, sleep latency was 31.9 ± 32.0 min, and 17% of them could not fall asleep within half hour, averagely. The mean score of CPSQI was 4.4 ± 2.7. The prevalence of poor sleep quality was 27.7% (95% CI = 25.4-29.7%) overall, and there existed a significant sex difference-30.6% (95% CI = 27.7-33.7%) for women and 24.0% (95% CI = 20.9-27.2%) for men. Five domains of the CPSQI except for sleep efficiency and use of sleeping medication also showed a sex difference (p < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis indicated that unmarried status (aOR = 1.51, 95% CI = 1.03-2.22), lower monthly individual income (aOR = 2.09, 95% CI = 1.49-2.94), and chronic diseases (aOR = 1.95, 95% CI = 1.51-2.51) were significantly related to poor sleep quality.
Sleep problems were prevalent among the rural Chinese adults aged 45+ years. People who were unmarried or had low personal income or any chronic diseases were more likely to have poor sleep quality.
睡眠质量差很普遍，且与认知能力下降、健康受损及生活质量降低有关。在中国快速城市化进程中，缺乏关于45岁及以上农村成年人睡眠质量及其潜在风险因素的研究。
在2015年于中国德清县进行的一项横断面调查中，我们纳入了1584名45岁及以上的成年人。使用中文版匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（CPSQI）来测量睡眠质量。睡眠质量差定义为CPSQI全球评分>5分。收集的其他数据包括社会人口统计学和生活方式因素以及身体健康状况。应用逻辑回归模型通过计算粗比值比（cOR）、调整后比值比（aOR）及其95%置信区间（CI）来评估影响睡眠质量的因素。
在1584名受试者中，超过一半为女性，平均年龄为58.9±8.1岁。他们的夜间睡眠时间为7.7±1.2小时，入睡潜伏期为31.9±32.0分钟，平均有17%的人在半小时内无法入睡。CPSQI的平均评分为4.4±2.7。总体睡眠质量差的患病率为27.7%（95%CI=25.4-29.7%），且存在显著的性别差异——女性为30.6%（95%CI=27.7-33.7%），男性为24.0%（95%CI=20.9-27.2%）。CPSQI除睡眠效率和使用助眠药物外的五个领域也显示出性别差异（p<0.05）。逻辑回归分析表明，未婚状态（aOR=1.51，95%CI=1.03-2.22）、个人月收入较低（aOR=2.09，95%CI=1.49-2.94）以及慢性病（aOR=1.95，95%CI=1.51-2.51）与睡眠质量差显著相关。
45岁及以上的中国农村成年人中睡眠问题普遍存在。未婚、个人收入低或患有任何慢性病的人更有可能睡眠质量差。
