Markham P D, Shaw G M, Salahuddin S Z, Hahn B, Sarngadharan M G, Gallo R C
Adv Exp Med Biol. 1985;187:13-34. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4615-9430-7_2.
The newly identified human HTLV-III virus, the etiologic agent for AIDS, shares many of the biological and physicochemical properties common to a family of retroviruses named human T-cell leukemia (lymphotropic) viruses, or HTLV. Because of the similarities, and because of the uniform nomenclature for human T-cell leukemia (lymphotropic) viruses adopted at the first Cold Spring Harbor Meeting on HTLV (19, 79), this newly discovered virus associated with AIDS as HTLV-III was named HTLV-III. Other investigators making independent isolations of virus have suggested naming the virus lymphadenopathy virus or LAV (3, 16), immunodeficiency associated virus or IADV (48), AIDS-related virus (41). Immunological and nucleic acid comparison has now demonstrated that these viruses are, not surprisingly, very similar to HTLV-III (55, 63, 78). In view of the wide range of disease manifestations caused by the virus, and previous discussions concerning a uniform nomenclature for human T-lymphotropic retroviruses, it would seem ill-advised to restrict the name of this virus to one clinical manifestation of one disease. The frequent isolation of HTLV-III from patients with AIDS and ARC, the detection of antibodies specific for HTLV-III in nearly all patients with these diseases and in a high proportion of individuals at risk, and finally its effect on cells in vitro, leaves little doubt that HTLV-III is causatively involved in the development of these diseases. This etiologic association is further strengthened by the detection of HTLV-III infection in many instances where a direct cause-and-effect association can be made, e.g., hemophiliacs and children with AIDS, and blood from HTLV-III infected donors and the otherwise normal recipients of this blood who subsequently develop AIDS.
新发现的人类嗜人T淋巴细胞病毒III型（HTLV-III）是艾滋病的病原体，它具有逆转录病毒家族——人类T细胞白血病（亲淋巴细胞）病毒（HTLV）所共有的许多生物学和物理化学特性。由于存在这些相似性，并且鉴于在第一次关于HTLV的冷泉港会议上采用了人类T细胞白血病（亲淋巴细胞）病毒的统一命名法（19, 79），这种与艾滋病相关的新发现病毒被命名为HTLV-III。其他独立分离出该病毒的研究人员建议将其命名为淋巴结病病毒或LAV（3, 16）、免疫缺陷相关病毒或IADV（48）、艾滋病相关病毒（41）。免疫和核酸比较现已证明，不出所料，这些病毒与HTLV-III非常相似（55, 63, 78）。鉴于该病毒引起的疾病表现范围广泛，以及先前关于人类嗜T淋巴细胞逆转录病毒统一命名法的讨论，将该病毒的名称局限于一种疾病的一种临床表现似乎是不明智的。从艾滋病和艾滋病相关综合征（ARC）患者中频繁分离出HTLV-III，在几乎所有患有这些疾病的患者以及高比例的高危个体中检测到针对HTLV-III的特异性抗体，最后其在体外对细胞的作用，几乎毫无疑问地表明HTLV-III与这些疾病的发生有因果关系。在许多能够建立直接因果关联的情况下检测到HTLV-III感染，例如血友病患者和患艾滋病的儿童，以及来自感染HTLV-III的供血者的血液和随后患艾滋病的该血液的正常受血者，进一步加强了这种病因学关联。
