Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 296 Eberhart Building, Greensboro, NC 27412, United States.
Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 296 Eberhart Building, Greensboro, NC 27412, United States.
Cognition. 2018 Oct;179:150-162. doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2018.06.007. Epub 2018 Jun 23.
The Gratton effect refers to the observation that performance on congruency tasks is often enhanced when the congruency of the current trial matches that of the previous trial. This effect has been at the center of recent debates in the literature on cognitive control as researchers have sought to identify the cognitive and neural underpinnings of the effect. Here, we use a technique known as reach tracking to demonstrate that the Gratton effect originally observed in the flanker task is not a singular effect but the result of two separate trial sequence effects that impact dissociable processes underlying cognitive control. Further, our results indicate that these dissociable processes follow divergent developmental trajectories across childhood, pre-adolescence, and adulthood. Taken together, these findings suggest that manual dynamics can be used to disentangle how key processes underlying cognitive control contribute to the response time effects observed across a wide range of cognitive tasks and age groups.
格特纳效应是指当当前试验的一致性与前一个试验的一致性相匹配时，一致性任务的表现通常会增强。这一效应一直是最近关于认知控制文献中争论的焦点，因为研究人员试图确定该效应的认知和神经基础。在这里，我们使用一种称为跟踪追踪的技术来证明，最初在侧抑制任务中观察到的格特纳效应不是单一效应，而是两个独立的试验序列效应的结果，这两个效应影响了认知控制下的不同过程。此外，我们的结果表明，这些可分离的过程在儿童期、青春期前和成年期呈现出不同的发展轨迹。总之，这些发现表明，手动动力学可用于分解认知控制的关键过程如何影响在广泛的认知任务和年龄组中观察到的反应时效应。
