Ming Xing-Jia, Zhao Ji-Feng, Mi Ben-Zhong, Wang Gang, Luo Yi-Bo
Chongqing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource, Endangered Medicinal Breeding National Engineering Laboratory, Chongqing Academy of Cinsese Materia Medica, Chongqing 400065, China.
Chongqing Sub-center of National Resource, National Resource Centtr for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Chongqing 400065, China.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2018 Jun;43(11):2396-2401. doi: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20180329.005.
"Jinchai Shihu" were called Jinchai and recoded in "Taishang Zhouhou Yujingfang" of Tang Dynasty, which first clearly documented the name of Shihu in complex Dendrobium medicines and were condiered as superior medicinal articles. Morphological features are one of the naming principles for Chinese medicines. In this paper, botanical origin plants under the names of "Jinchai" and "Jinchai Shihu" were investigated. Based on documents from the local Chronicles and historical accounts, the Chinese characters of Jinchai have the distinctive features of gold color and two hair clasps. Moreover, the hair clasps are usually cylindrical in shape with uniform thickness in middle and upper part, and tapers off to the foot. And its bottom part style is simple and head part is complex. Thus we speculated the herbal "Jinchai" and "Jinchai Shihu" should have similar morphologic features as Chinese characters of Jinchai, including golden color and hairpin shape of stems without braches, short and solid sterm. After comparing the dried vegetative morphology of 10 common medicinal Dendrobium species, we suggested that of Dendrobium flexicaule matches well with the morphological features from historical herbal records.
“金钗石斛”曾被称作金钗，在唐代《太上肘后玉经方》中有记载，该书首次明确记录了复杂的石斛类药物中石斛的名称，并被视为上等药材。形态特征是中药命名的原则之一。本文对“金钗”和“金钗石斛”名下的植物来源进行了调查。根据地方志和历史记载的文献，金钗的汉字有金色和双钗的显著特征。此外，钗通常呈圆柱形，中上部厚度均匀，向根部逐渐变细。其底部样式简单，头部复杂。因此我们推测草药“金钗”和“金钗石斛”应具有与金钗汉字相似的形态特征，包括茎呈金色和钗形、无分支、茎短且坚实。在比较了10种常见药用石斛的干燥营养形态后，我们认为曲茎石斛与历史本草记载的形态特征非常吻合。
