Ferreira M, Morel H, Dixmier A, Arbion F, Marchand-Adam S
Service de pneumologie et d'explorations fonctionnels respiratoires, centre hospitalier universitaire de Tours, 37000 Tours, France.
Service de pneumologie et d'oncologie thoracique, centre hospitalier Régional d'Orléans, 45067 Orléans, France.
Rev Mal Respir. 2018 Sep;35(7):738-744. doi: 10.1016/j.rmr.2017.10.668. Epub 2018 Jun 23.
Osteochondroplastic tracheobronchopathy (OCTB) is a rare disorder of unknown cause that affects the tracheobronchial tree. It is characterized by multiple cartilaginous formations or bone nodules projecting into the tracheal or proximal bronchial lumen. It is usually asymptomatic because of the slow progression of the nodules. However, chronic cough, recurrent hemoptysis or recurrent respiratory infections have been reported.
We describe the cases of three patients with symptomatic OCTB: two men and one woman consulting for bronchial infections or pneumonia with sputum difficulties (2 cases) or simply for chronic cough (1 case). In all three cases, the diagnosis was suspected because of irregularities of the tracheal or bronchial wall with calcification seen on imaging and confirmed at bronchoscopy with biopsy specimens. No specific therapy was initiated in these patients except for the treatment of associated complications or comorbidities.
OCTB is a benign pathology which can lead to bronchial symptoms ranging from mild cough to severe airway obstruction due to tracheobronchial stenosis. A key to diagnosis, limiting non-essential examinations and biopsies, is to consider OCTB based on CT scan or bronchoscopy based on irregularities of the tracheal or bronchial wall with calcification.
