Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University of Leipzig, Philipp-Rosenthal-Str. 55, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
Int J Public Health. 2019 Jan;64(1):49-58. doi: 10.1007/s00038-018-1113-7. Epub 2018 Jun 8.
Due to a lack of longitudinal studies on health in immigrants, the purpose of the present study is to investigate trajectories of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in immigrants and non-immigrants in Germany by considering the impact of immigration-related factors.
Based on longitudinal SOEP data from 2002 to 2012, the trajectories of the mental (MCS) and physical component (PCS) of HRQoL (assessed with SF-12v2) were analyzed in 8546 subjects, including 1064 immigrants by conducting hierarchical linear models.
MCS remains stable over time, whereas PCS shows a decrease, influenced by increasing age. There were no differences between immigrants and non-immigrants concerning PCS trajectories as well as no influence of immigration-related factors on it. In contrast, MCS trajectories were influenced by immigration-related factors: 2nd-generation immigrants, participants from Turkey or Southern Europe and those who immigrated at young age show a slight decrease in MCS over time.
The results show negative association between MCS and time in different groups of immigrants. Future research is needed for better conceptualization of the complex interplay between health and migration over time to identify subgroups at greater risk for mental distress.
由于缺乏移民健康的纵向研究，本研究旨在通过考虑与移民相关因素的影响，调查德国移民和非移民的健康相关生活质量（HRQoL）轨迹。
基于 2002 年至 2012 年的纵向 SOEP 数据，通过分层线性模型，对包括 1064 名移民在内的 8546 名受试者的 HRQoL 心理（MCS）和生理成分（PCS）轨迹（用 SF-12v2 评估）进行了分析。
MCS 随时间保持稳定，而 PCS 随年龄的增加而下降。移民和非移民之间的 PCS 轨迹没有差异，也没有与移民相关的因素对其产生影响。相比之下，移民相关因素影响 MCS 轨迹：第二代移民、来自土耳其或南欧的参与者以及年轻时移民的参与者，MCS 随时间略有下降。
结果显示不同移民群体的 MCS 与时间之间存在负相关。未来需要进一步研究，以更好地理解健康和移民随时间的复杂相互作用，从而确定精神困扰风险较高的亚组。
