Both Denise
La Leche Liga Deutschland e. V., Johann-Heel-Str. 15, 87629, Füssen, Deutschland.
Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2018 Aug;61(8):1008-1011. doi: 10.1007/s00103-018-2765-4.
Breastfeeding is the physiological form of infant feeding and has many well-documented benefits. Low breastfeeding rates and short lactation periods have significant negative ecological, economic, and social impact. The promotion of breastfeeding supports the health of children and mothers and reduces costs to the health system. However, the promotion of breastfeeding is regularly undermined by inappropriate advertising of breast milk substitutes. To counteract this, the International Code of Marketing of Breastmilk Substitutes was adopted by the World Health Assembly (WHA) in 1981. Although the International Code of Marketing of Breastmilk Substitutes and its subsequent resolutions have been fully or partially incorporated into national law in 135 countries, the provisions of the Code are continually violated. These violations are almost always not punished at all or only insufficiently. For the promotion and protection of breastfeeding, it is essential that health workers are familiar with the Code and subsequent resolutions.This article presents and explains the history, content, and importance of the International Code of Marketing of Breastmilk Substitutes and gives an assessment of its implementation in practice.
母乳喂养是婴儿喂养的生理形式，有许多已被充分证明的益处。低母乳喂养率和短哺乳期会对生态、经济和社会产生重大负面影响。促进母乳喂养有助于儿童和母亲的健康，并降低卫生系统的成本。然而，母乳代用品的不当广告经常破坏母乳喂养的推广。为了应对这一问题，世界卫生大会（WHA）于1981年通过了《国际母乳代用品销售守则》。尽管《国际母乳代用品销售守则》及其后续决议已在135个国家全部或部分纳入国家法律，但该守则的规定仍不断遭到违反。这些违规行为几乎总是根本没有受到惩罚或只是受到了轻微处罚。为了促进和保护母乳喂养，卫生工作者熟悉该守则及其后续决议至关重要。本文介绍并解释了《国际母乳代用品销售守则》的历史、内容和重要性，并对其在实践中的实施情况进行了评估。
