Centro de Ciencias de la Atmósfera, Av. Universidad N 3000, Universidad Nacional Autónoma De México, C.U., Ciudad de México, C.P. 04510, Coyoacán, Mexico.
Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain.
Int J Biometeorol. 2018 Sep;62(9):1721-1732. doi: 10.1007/s00484-018-1572-9. Epub 2018 Jun 15.
Pollen allergies have a remarkable clinical impact all over world. Quercus pollen is the main allergen in many parts of world. Due to the health impacts caused by exposure to oak pollen, the objectives of this study are to characterise the aerobiological behaviour of Quercus pollen and to determine its potential sources as well as their transport through the atmosphere of Mexico City and surrounding areas between January 2012 and June 2015. Airborne Quercus pollen monitoring was carried out simultaneously in five zones of Mexico City. The percentage of Quercus pollen of the total pollen collected from the air showed that the highest concentration was recorded in 2014, followed by 2012. The annual seasonal variation indicated that flowering and pollen emission into the atmosphere began between February and March. The maximum concentration of Quercus pollen was reached at Cuajimalpa. In 2012, the amount of pollen grains was distributed in March and April uniformly, whilst in 2014, the largest amount of pollen was concentrated in March. In 2012 and 2014 (years with the highest pollen concentrations), corresponding intraday variations were quite similar, with a low relative maximum in the morning and the highest concentrations in the evening. The largest values were recorded in 2014, and two processes can explain these. In the afternoon, pollen from secondary forest is carried by southwesterly converging winds, increasing the pollen concentration in Cuajimalpa. In the evening, there is an additional pollen contribution from primary forest via transport by NW winds.
花粉过敏在全球范围内具有显著的临床影响。栎属花粉是世界许多地区的主要过敏原。由于暴露于栎属花粉会对健康造成影响，本研究的目的是描述栎属花粉的空气生物学行为，并确定其潜在来源及其在 2012 年 1 月至 2015 年 6 月期间通过墨西哥城及其周边地区大气的传输。在墨西哥城的五个区域同时进行了空气传播栎属花粉监测。空气中收集的总花粉中栎属花粉的百分比表明，2014 年的浓度最高，其次是 2012 年。年度季节性变化表明，开花和花粉排放到大气中始于 2 月至 3 月。栎属花粉的最大浓度出现在夸希马尔帕。2012 年，花粉粒的数量在 3 月和 4 月均匀分布，而 2014 年，最大量的花粉集中在 3 月。在 2012 年和 2014 年（花粉浓度最高的两年），相应的日内变化非常相似，早晨的相对最大值较低，傍晚的浓度最高。2014 年记录的值最大，有两个过程可以解释这一点。下午，来自次生林的花粉被西南辐合风携带，增加了夸希马尔帕的花粉浓度。傍晚，通过 NW 风的输送，来自原生林的花粉会有额外的贡献。
