Department of Genetics and Biochemestry, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Avenida Pará, 1920, Campus Umuarama, Jardim Umuarama, Bloco 2E - Sala 244, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Institute of Geography, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2018 Aug;25(24):24084-24092. doi: 10.1007/s11356-018-2466-4. Epub 2018 Jun 9.
Birds have often played an important role as environmental bioindicators, and different species can be useful due to their bioaccumulating capacity. The micronuclei test is a cytologic technique used for accessing DNA and is a biomarker for damage to DNA. This study analysed the Cerrado avian community, especially the efficiency of the blue-black grassquit (Volatinia jacarina) in responding to pesticide contamination in situ on different-sized coffee farms in southeast Brazil. The micronuclei test was used in erythrocytes of birds. Eighty-two individuals of 21 bird species belonging to 11 families that were found in all study areas were used to evaluate micronuclei (MN) frequency. Two hundred fifty-two MN were counted in every area of study. The MN average count was 3/10,000 erythrocytes, and 17.1% of all bird species exhibited no MN. The average MN was 1.29 ± 0.69 in small farms, 2.59 ± 1.65 in medium farms, and 5.41 ± 1.34 in large farms. Small farms accounted for 14.3% of MN frequency, medium farms 27.8%, and large farms 57.9%. V. jacarina was the most abundant species found and displayed a sensitive response to environmental contamination. Pesticides appear to induce MN formation in a dose-dependent way when farms are analysed according to their area. Therefore, biomonitoring birds remain an efficient means to detect environmental pollutants, especially pesticides. V. jacarina responds as a sensitive biomonitor, showing a dose-dependent response to pesticides used in coffee farms.
鸟类在作为环境生物指示剂方面常常发挥着重要作用，不同物种因其生物积累能力而具有不同的用途。微核试验是一种用于评估 DNA 损伤的细胞学技术，是 DNA 损伤的生物标志物。本研究分析了巴西东南部不同规模咖啡种植园中雀形目鸟类群落，特别是蓝黑草鹀（Volatinia jacarina）对原位农药污染的响应效率。该研究使用微核试验检测鸟类的红细胞。在所有研究区域中，共发现 11 科 21 种鸟类的 82 只个体，用于评估微核（MN）频率。在每个研究区域中均计数了 252 个 MN。MN 的平均计数为每 10,000 个红细胞 3 个，17.1%的鸟类物种未显示 MN。小型农场的 MN 平均值为 1.29±0.69，中型农场为 2.59±1.65，大型农场为 5.41±1.34。小型农场占 MN 频率的 14.3%，中型农场占 27.8%，大型农场占 57.9%。V. jacarina 是最丰富的物种，对环境污染表现出敏感的响应。根据农场面积进行分析时，农药似乎以剂量依赖的方式诱导 MN 的形成。因此，鸟类生物监测仍然是检测环境污染物（尤其是农药）的有效手段。V. jacarina 作为一种敏感的生物监测器，对咖啡种植园中使用的农药表现出剂量依赖性响应。
