Fan Yi-Ping, Xiong Xing-Jiang
Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Jiaxing 314001, China.
Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2018 Jun;43(12):2431-2434. doi: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.2018.0074.
Chinese classical formulas, firstly recorded in Shanghan Zabing Lun by Zhang Zhongjing in the Han dynasty, have been widely used by traditional Chinese medicine physicians for thousands of years due to its good compatibility, strict structures, significant clinical efficacy and less adverse effects. Ephedra associated prescriptions, widely used in the treatment of skin diseases, are famous representative prescriptions in Chinese classical formulas. The commonly used Ephedra associated prescriptions include Mahuang Lianqiao Chixiaodou decoction, Maxing Shigan decoction, Maxing Yigan decoction, Mahuang decoction, Mahuang Jiazhu decoction, Guizhi Mahuang Geban decoction, and Guizhi Eryue Biyi decoction. Skin allergy is an allergic reaction, manifested as erythema, papules, and itching. It has been identified that Guizhi Mahuang Geban decoction (1/2 Guizhi decoction + 1/2 Mahuang decoction) is effective in dispersing wind and cold, relieving exterior syndrome and dredging the collaterals, so it can be used to treat skin allergy caused by pathogenic wind-cold. Guizhi Eryue Biyi decoction (1/4 Guizhi decoction + 1/8 Yuebi decoction) is effective in dispersing wind and cold, relieving exterior syndrome and clearing heat, so it is mainly used for the syndrome of wind-cold tightening superficies and heat transformed from wind-cold. Additionally, Mahuang Lianqiao Chixiaodou decoction can relieve exterior syndrome, clear heat and remove dampness, mainly for the dampness and heat depression in the muscle surface. It is found that Guizhi Mahuang Geban decoction and Guizhi Eryue Biyi decoction have certain efficacy for skin allergies, while Mahuang Lianqiao Chixiaodou decoction has significant efficacy for urticaria, acute and chronic eczema, etc. It has been identified that if the conditions of Ephedra associated prescriptions are well mastered by traditional Chinese medicine physicians, they could be widely applied to treat exogenous diseases and miscellaneous diseases.
中药经典方剂最早由汉代张仲景记载于《伤寒杂病论》中，因其配伍精良、结构严谨、临床疗效显著且不良反应较少，数千年来一直被中医广泛应用。麻黄类方是中药经典方剂中用于治疗皮肤病的著名代表方剂。常用的麻黄类方包括麻黄连翘赤小豆汤、麻杏石甘汤、麻杏苡甘汤、麻黄汤、麻黄加术汤、桂枝麻黄各半汤、桂枝二越婢一汤。皮肤过敏是一种过敏反应，表现为红斑、丘疹和瘙痒。研究发现，桂枝麻黄各半汤（桂枝汤二分之一 + 麻黄汤二分之一）有疏风散寒、解表透疹、疏通经络之功效，可用于治疗风寒束表型皮肤过敏。桂枝二越婢一汤（桂枝汤四分之一 + 越婢汤八分之一）有疏风散寒、解表清热之功效，主要用于治疗风寒束表、郁而化热证。此外，麻黄连翘赤小豆汤可解表清热利湿，主要用于治疗肌表湿热郁遏证。研究发现，桂枝麻黄各半汤和桂枝二越婢一汤对皮肤过敏有一定疗效，而麻黄连翘赤小豆汤对荨麻疹、急慢性湿疹等有显著疗效。研究表明，如果中医师能熟练掌握麻黄类方的适用情况，它们可广泛应用于治疗外感病和杂病。
