Swim training affects bone canonical Wnt pathway in type 2 diabetes induced by high fat diet and low dose of streptozotocin in male rats.

Susceptibility to diabetes-induced bone complication has been linked to Wnt signaling, which plays an important role in bone development and remodeling. In this study, the effect of swim training on Wnt pathway in T2DM was investigated. : Forty male rats were assigned to groups: control (C), diabetic (D), exercised control (E) and diabetic exercised (DE). One week after the induction of diabetes, animals were subjected to swim. At the end of training, bone gene and protein levels of SOST, RUNX2 and RANKL/OPG ratio were measured. Diabetes could significantly increase bone sclerostin expression levels, while decreased RUNX2 mRNA and protein. Bone RANKL/OPG ratio was significantly lower in diabetic rats compared to control group. Swim training significantly increased this ratio in DE compared to D group. Swim training could partially compensate the diabetes-associated changes of Wnt pathway possibly by moderating sclerostin or blood sugar.