College of Nursing, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.
VA Center for Clinical Management and Research, Department of Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2018 Aug;27(8):864-873. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-17-1023. Epub 2018 Jun 28.
Because Operating Engineers (heavy equipment operators) are outdoor workers at risk for skin cancer, interventions are needed to promote sun safety. The objectives were to determine changes in sunscreen use and sunburning among Operating Engineers randomized to four conditions in the Sun Solutions study: (i) education only; (ii) education and text message reminders; (ii) education and mailed sunscreen; and (iv) education, text message reminders, and mailed sunscreen. In this randomized controlled trial, Operating Engineers ( = 357) were recruited at required safety training sessions throughout Michigan during winter/spring of 2012 to 2013 and provided baseline surveys. The four interventions were delivered over the summer. Postintervention surveys were collected in the fall (82.1% follow-up). Sunscreen use improved significantly from baseline to follow-up in all four conditions ( < 0.05), except sunscreen use among those receiving education and text message reminders was only marginally significant ( = 0.07). There were significantly greater increases in sunscreen use in the two conditions that were mailed sunscreen ( < 0.001). There was a significant decrease in the number of reported sunburns from baseline to follow-up in all four conditions ( < 0.001), but there were no significant differences in sunburns among the groups. Participant evaluated the interventions highly with those who received mailed sunscreen rating the intervention the highest. Providing proper sun-safety education and minimizing barriers to sunscreen use can increase sunscreen use and decrease reported sunburns. The implementation of the Sun Solutions intervention may be an effective method to modify skin cancer-related behaviors. .
由于操作工程师（重型设备操作员）是户外工作者，有患皮肤癌的风险，因此需要采取干预措施来促进防晒。本研究的目的是确定在 Sun Solutions 研究中，将操作工程师随机分为 4 个条件组后，防晒霜使用和晒伤情况的变化：（i）仅教育；（ii）教育和短信提醒；（iii）教育和邮寄防晒霜；以及（iv）教育、短信提醒和邮寄防晒霜。在这项随机对照试验中，于 2012 年至 2013 年冬季至春季在密歇根州各地的强制性安全培训课程中招募了操作工程师（n=357），并在基线时进行了调查。在夏季提供了这四个干预措施。在秋季（82.1%的随访率）收集了干预后的调查。在所有 4 个条件组中，从基线到随访，防晒霜使用情况均显著改善（<0.05），但仅在接受教育和短信提醒的组中，防晒霜使用情况仅略有显著改善（=0.07）。在邮寄防晒霜的两个条件组中，防晒霜使用量显著增加（<0.001）。在所有 4 个条件组中，从基线到随访，报告的晒伤数量均显著减少（<0.001），但各组之间的晒伤情况无显著差异。参与者对干预措施的评价很高，收到邮寄防晒霜的参与者对干预措施的评价最高。提供适当的防晒安全教育和减少防晒霜使用障碍可以增加防晒霜的使用并减少晒伤。实施 Sun Solutions 干预措施可能是改变与皮肤癌相关行为的有效方法。
