INSERM UMR-S 1124, Université Paris Descartes, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; Service de Biochimie Métabolomique et Protéomique, Hôpital Universitaire Necker Enfants Malades, AP-HP, Paris, France.
INSERM UMR-S973, Molécules Thérapeutiques in Silico, Université Paris Diderot, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
Biochimie. 2018 Sep;152:155-158. doi: 10.1016/j.biochi.2018.06.023. Epub 2018 Jun 28.
Identifying precise and predictive biomarkers of health and disease is a critical objective of clinical biochemistry and biomedical research. New concepts and technologies have emerged recently that could support such an objective. The exposome corresponds to the totality of exposure over the lifetime. Research in this field allowed the development of sensors and biological biomarkers using omics technologies that are relevant for predicting the effect of those exposure on human health. Precision medicine has primarily focused on adapting treatments to the genetic profiles of tumors, when in fact, it had originally a wider scope including the use of robust biomarkers for disease prevention. Large-scale genetic studies have also contributed to highlight gene environment interactions, and were extended more recently to epigenetics. In line with the systems medicine approach, we propose to integrate the genome and exposome data in what we present as the exposome-genome paradigm. Such an integrated view will help strengthen approaches to identify relevant predictive markers that can support precise prevention actions both at the population and at the individual levels.
确定健康和疾病的精确和有预测性的生物标志物是临床生物化学和生物医学研究的关键目标。最近出现了一些新概念和新技术，可以支持这一目标。外核组学对应于一生中所有的暴露总和。该领域的研究利用组学技术开发了传感器和生物生物标志物，这些技术对于预测这些暴露对人类健康的影响是相关的。精准医学主要侧重于根据肿瘤的遗传特征来调整治疗方法，而实际上，它最初的范围更广，包括使用稳健的生物标志物来预防疾病。大规模的遗传研究也有助于突出基因-环境相互作用，最近又扩展到了表观遗传学。与系统医学方法一致，我们建议将基因组和外核组学数据整合到我们提出的外核基因组范例中。这种综合的观点将有助于加强识别相关预测标志物的方法，这些标志物可以支持在人群和个体层面上进行精确的预防行动。
