University of Tennessee-Knoxville, United States.
University of Tennessee-Knoxville, United States.
Clin Psychol Rev. 2018 Jul;63:93-105. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2018.06.009. Epub 2018 Jun 21.
Transgender people are at high risk for suicide ideation, attempts, and deaths compared to the general population. Several correlates of suicide ideation and attempts have been identified empirically to understand this increased risk. However, few attempts have been made to systematically review this literature. Further, a theory to understand and identify targetable factors for intervention has rarely been applied to this population. In the first systematic review guided by ideation-to-action frameworks of suicide, we systematically reviewed the literature from January 1991 to July 2017 regarding correlates of suicide ideation, attempts, and deaths among transgender people. To be included in the review, articles must have been reported in English, reported on empirical data, included a sample or subsample of transgender people, and reported separately on correlates of suicide ideation, attempts, or deaths. Two independent reviewers searched three major databases, references of included articles, and unpublished literature, which produced 45 articles for review. The review suggested that ideation-to-action frameworks would be worth investigating within this population, with attention to sources of psychological pain, social connectedness, and capacity/capability for suicide unique to this population. Additionally, other aspects of cultural identity were often studied (e.g., race, religion), suggesting the need to understand intersectionality of identities among transgender people and their effects on suicide risk. Finally, the review highlighted important limitations of the literature, namely measurement of suicide ideation and attempts and sampling method, which future work should seek to improve.
与普通人群相比，跨性别者的自杀意念、自杀企图和自杀死亡风险较高。为了了解这种风险增加的原因，已经从实证角度确定了一些与自杀意念和自杀企图相关的因素。然而，很少有尝试对这方面的文献进行系统回顾。此外，很少有理论被应用于理解和确定针对这一人群的可干预因素。在首次基于自杀意念-行动框架对跨性别者自杀相关因素进行的系统综述中，我们系统地回顾了 1991 年 1 月至 2017 年 7 月期间关于跨性别者自杀意念、自杀企图和自杀死亡的相关文献。为了被纳入审查，文章必须用英文报告，报告实证数据，包括跨性别者的样本或亚样本，并且分别报告自杀意念、自杀企图或自杀死亡的相关因素。两位独立的评审员搜索了三个主要数据库、纳入文章的参考文献和未发表的文献，共产生了 45 篇文章进行审查。该综述表明，意念-行动框架值得在该人群中进行研究，需要关注该人群中独特的心理痛苦源、社会联系和自杀能力/能力。此外，还经常研究文化认同的其他方面（例如，种族、宗教），这表明需要理解跨性别者的身份交叉性及其对自杀风险的影响。最后，该综述强调了文献的重要局限性，即自杀意念和自杀企图的测量以及抽样方法，未来的工作应努力改进。
