Van Oirschot J T, De Leeuw P W
Vet Microbiol. 1985 Aug;10(5):401-8. doi: 10.1016/0378-1135(85)90022-7.
Intranasal (IN) vaccination of pigs with low levels of maternally-derived antibody (MDA) has previously been shown to confer good protection against challenge with virulent Aujeszky's disease virus (ADV). The objective of the present study was to determine the efficacy of IN vaccination with an attenuated ADV, in comparison with that of an inactivated vaccine given parenterally, in pigs with higher MDA titres at the time of vaccination. In one experiment, vaccinations were done at 6 weeks of age, and in another experiment pigs were vaccinated at 4 and/or 9 weeks of age. Two months after (the last) vaccination pigs were challenged intranasally with a virulent ADV. Protection was evaluated on the basis of mortality, periods of growth arrest, fever and virus shedding after challenge. The presence of MDA markedly depressed the serum-neutralizing antibody response after vaccination. Sensitisation occurred after parenteral vaccination with an inactivated vaccine despite high MDA levels. Although the intranasally-vaccinated pigs had lower levels of neutralizing antibody at the time of challenge, they were significantly better protected than pigs given 1 or 2 doses of the inactivated vaccine. Comparing the present results with those of a previous study, it appears that the efficacy of parenteral as well as intranasal ADV vaccination decreases with increasing levels of MDA at the time of vaccination.
先前已证明，对母源抗体（MDA）水平较低的猪进行鼻内（IN）接种疫苗，可有效抵御强毒型奥耶斯基氏病病毒（ADV）的攻击。本研究的目的是，比较在接种疫苗时MDA滴度较高的猪中，鼻内接种减毒ADV疫苗与肌肉注射灭活疫苗的效果。在一项实验中，于6周龄时进行疫苗接种；在另一项实验中，猪只分别于4周龄和/或9周龄时接种疫苗。（最后一次）接种疫苗两个月后，用强毒ADV对猪进行鼻内攻毒。根据攻毒后的死亡率、生长停滞期、发热情况和病毒排出情况评估疫苗的保护效果。MDA的存在显著抑制了接种疫苗后的血清中和抗体反应。尽管MDA水平较高，但肌肉注射灭活疫苗后仍出现了致敏现象。尽管鼻内接种疫苗的猪在攻毒时中和抗体水平较低，但它们受到的保护明显优于接种1剂或2剂灭活疫苗的猪。将本研究结果与之前的一项研究结果相比较，似乎肌肉注射和鼻内接种ADV疫苗的效果均会随着接种时MDA水平的升高而降低。
