Van Oirschot J T
Res Vet Sci. 1987 Jan;42(1):12-6.
Ten-week-old pigs with high levels of maternally derived antibody (MDA) against Aujeszky's disease virus (ADV) were given either a single intranasal vaccination or one or two doses (with an interval of three weeks) of commercially available attenuated ADV vaccines intramuscularly. The pigs did not produce a clear neutralising antibody response to ADV. However, pigs vaccinated intranasally and pigs given two doses of attenuated ADV vaccines were protected against intranasal challenge with virulent ADV two months after the first vaccination. Pigs given one parenteral dose of attenuated ADV vaccine were insufficiently protected. Protection was shown by shorter periods of growth arrest and fever and a greater reduction of virulent virus shedding after challenge in vaccinated pigs than in unvaccinated control pigs. Although intranasal vaccination conferred protection comparable to two parenteral doses of attenuated vaccines, it reduced shedding of virulent virus much more effectively. These results, together with those of other studies, show that intranasal vaccination confers better protection against Aujeszky's disease in pigs with MDA than parenteral vaccination. However, the efficacy of intranasal vaccination also decreases with increasing levels of MDA at the time of vaccination.
对具有高水平母源抗体（MDA）抵抗伪狂犬病病毒（ADV）的10周龄仔猪，分别进行单次鼻内接种，或肌肉注射1剂或2剂（间隔3周）市售的减毒ADV疫苗。这些仔猪对ADV未产生明显的中和抗体反应。然而，鼻内接种的仔猪以及接种2剂减毒ADV疫苗的仔猪在首次接种后2个月能抵抗强毒ADV的鼻内攻击。肌肉注射1剂减毒ADV疫苗的仔猪保护不足。与未接种疫苗的对照仔猪相比，接种疫苗的仔猪在攻毒后生长停滞和发热的时间更短，强毒病毒排出量减少得更多，表明受到了保护。虽然鼻内接种提供的保护与2剂肌肉注射减毒疫苗相当，但它能更有效地减少强毒病毒的排出。这些结果与其他研究结果一起表明，在具有MDA的仔猪中，鼻内接种比肌肉注射接种能更好地预防伪狂犬病。然而，鼻内接种的效果也会随着接种时MDA水平的升高而降低。
