Hinze H, Holzer H
Z Lebensm Unters Forsch. 1985 Aug;181(2):87-91. doi: 10.1007/BF01042566.
Low concentrations of sulfite or nitrite (about 0.5 mmol) when applied at pH 3.6, caused a rapid and drastic decrease of the concentration of ATP in yeast cells. Under these conditions, alcoholic fermentation was inhibited by sulfite and to a lesser extent by nitrite. Ethanol consumption under aerobic conditions was shown to be more sensitive to nitrite than to sulfite. This indicates a higher sensitivity of respiratory processes to nitrite than to sulfite. Among 15 enzyme activities assayed in extracts from yeast cells after incubation with sulfite or nitrite, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase was shown to be the most sensitive. Analysis of the steady-state concentrations of intermediates of alcoholic fermentation in intact yeast cells also implies inhibition by sulfite or nitrite of the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase step of fermentation. In contrast to nitrite, sulfite had an additional effect by accumulating the intracellular steady state concentration of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate 10 to 100-fold over the concentration in the absence of sulfite. In vitro studies on the equilibrium catalyzed by triosephosphate isomerase or aldolase confirmed the postulated shift of equilibrium concentrations by a formation of complex of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate with sulfite.
在pH 3.6条件下施加低浓度的亚硫酸盐或亚硝酸盐（约0.5 mmol），会导致酵母细胞中ATP浓度迅速大幅下降。在这些条件下，酒精发酵受到亚硫酸盐的抑制，受到亚硝酸盐的抑制程度较小。有氧条件下的乙醇消耗对亚硝酸盐的敏感性高于对亚硫酸盐的敏感性。这表明呼吸过程对亚硝酸盐的敏感性高于对亚硫酸盐的敏感性。在用亚硫酸盐或亚硝酸盐孵育后的酵母细胞提取物中检测的15种酶活性中，3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶被证明是最敏感的。对完整酵母细胞中酒精发酵中间产物的稳态浓度分析也表明，亚硫酸盐或亚硝酸盐会抑制发酵过程中的3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶步骤。与亚硝酸盐不同，亚硫酸盐还有另外一个作用，即使细胞内3-磷酸甘油醛的稳态浓度比无亚硫酸盐时的浓度积累10到100倍。对磷酸丙糖异构酶或醛缩酶催化的平衡进行的体外研究证实，由于3-磷酸甘油醛与亚硫酸盐形成复合物，推测平衡浓度发生了变化。
