Nagarkar Arati Makarand, Kulkarni Snehal Sameer
Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
J Midlife Health. 2018 Apr-Jun;9(2):79-84. doi: 10.4103/jmh.JMH_8_18.
The study aims to find out the prevalence of obesity and its consequences on the health of middle-aged (45-59 years) women in slum areas.
The present study includes 559 women between 45 and 59 years of age from slums of Pune city, Maharashtra. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire, anthropometric measurements, physical activity using International Physical Activity Questionnaire long version, information on dietary habits, chronic illnesses, etc., Univariate analysis and further multiple logistic regressions were used to determine associations and risk estimates using Statistical Package for the Social Science version 16.
About 60% had body mass index (BMI) above normal, 39% were overweight, and 21.3% obese. The percentage of obesity increased with increasing age. Obesity was significantly associated with working status ( = 0.042), hypertension ( = 0.013), knee pain ( = 0.029), squatting ( = 0.001), walking ( = 0.001), climbing stairs ( = 0.004), and rising from chair ( = 0.040). Functional decline was reported by 62.8% women. Odds of having high blood pressure 1.8 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.1-3.0), difficulty in squatting, walking was 1.5 (95% CI: 1.0-2.4) and 1.9 (95% CI: 1.0-3.6) respectively more in overweight. Higher odds of having blood pressure 1.8 (95% CI: 1.0-3.3) and difficulty in walking 2.4 (95% CI: 1.2-4.6) was observed in obese women as compared to women in normal BMI category.
The study shows that the prevalence of obesity is higher among women even in the low-income areas. This indicates a need for specific interventions targeted to women in urban slum. The inclusion of multicomponent intervention will prove to be beneficial at the community level.
本研究旨在查明贫民窟地区中年（45 - 59岁）女性肥胖症的患病率及其对健康的影响。
本研究纳入了来自马哈拉施特拉邦浦那市贫民窟的559名45至59岁的女性。使用结构化问卷收集数据，进行人体测量，采用国际体力活动问卷长版收集体力活动情况，收集饮食习惯、慢性病等信息。使用社会科学统计软件包第16版进行单因素分析以及进一步的多元逻辑回归，以确定关联和风险估计。
约60%的人体质量指数（BMI）高于正常水平，39%超重，21.3%肥胖。肥胖率随年龄增长而增加。肥胖与工作状态（P = 0.042）、高血压（P = 0.013）、膝关节疼痛（P = 0.029）、下蹲（P = 0.001）、行走（P = 0.001）、爬楼梯（P = 0.004）以及从椅子上起身（P = 0.040）显著相关。62.8%的女性报告有功能下降。超重者患高血压的几率为1.8（95%置信区间[CI]：1.1 - 3.0），下蹲困难、行走困难的几率分别为1.5（95% CI：1.0 - 2.4）和1.9（95% CI：1.0 - 3.6）。与BMI正常的女性相比，肥胖女性患高血压的几率更高，为1.8（95% CI：1.0 - 3.3），行走困难的几率为2.4（95% CI：1.2 - 4.6）。
该研究表明，即使在低收入地区，女性肥胖症的患病率也较高。这表明需要针对城市贫民窟女性采取特定干预措施。纳入多成分干预措施在社区层面将被证明是有益的。
