门静脉血栓形成：外科医生需要了解的内容。
Portal vein thrombosis: What surgeons need to know.
作者信息
Quarrie Ricardo, Stawicki Stanislaw P
机构信息
Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
OPUS 12 Foundation, Bethlehem, PA, USA.
出版信息
Int J Crit Illn Inj Sci. 2018 Apr-Jun;8(2):73-77. doi: 10.4103/IJCIIS.IJCIIS_71_17.
KEY POINTS
(a) The lifetime risk of portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is approximately 1%; (b) The portal vein is formed by the union of the splenic and superior mesenteric veins posterior to the pancreas; (c) Imaging modalities most frequently used to diagnose PVT include sonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging; (d) Malignancy, hepatic cirrhosis, surgical trauma, and hypercoagulable conditions are the most common risk factors for the development of PVT; (e) PVT eventually leads to the formation of numerous collateral vessels around the thrombosed portal vein; (f) First-line treatment for PVT is therapeutic anticoagulation-it helps prevent the progression of the thrombotic process; (g) Other therapeutic options include surgery and interventional radiographic procedures including mechanical thrombectomy and thrombolysis; (h) Portal biliopathy is a clinicopathologic entity characterized by biliary abnormalities due to portal hypertension secondary to PVT and appears to be more common in cases of extrahepatic PVT.
REPUBLISHED WITH PERMISSION FROM
Quarrie R, Stawicki SP. Portal vein thrombosis: What surgeons need to know. OPUS 12 Scientist 2008;2(3):30-33.
要点
(a) 门静脉血栓形成（PVT）的终生风险约为1%；(b) 门静脉由脾静脉和肠系膜上静脉在胰腺后方汇合而成；(c) 最常用于诊断PVT的影像学检查方法包括超声、计算机断层扫描和磁共振成像；(d) 恶性肿瘤、肝硬化、手术创伤和高凝状态是PVT发生的最常见危险因素；(e) PVT最终会导致在血栓形成的门静脉周围形成大量侧支血管；(f) PVT的一线治疗是抗凝治疗——有助于防止血栓形成过程的进展；(g) 其他治疗选择包括手术和介入放射学程序，如机械取栓和溶栓；(h) 门静脉性肝病是一种临床病理实体，其特征是由于PVT继发门静脉高压导致的胆道异常，在肝外PVT病例中似乎更为常见。
经许可重新发布自
Quarrie R, Stawicki SP. 门静脉血栓形成：外科医生需要了解的内容。OPUS 12 Scientist 2008;2(3):30 - 33。
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