Moosavi Nejad Maryam, Shahgholian Nahid, Samouei Rahele
Student Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Social Security Organization, Isfahan, Iran.
Department of Critical Care Nursing, Kidney Disease Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
J Educ Health Promot. 2018 Jun 12;7:74. doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_132_17. eCollection 2018.
Patients undergoing hemodialysis have a low level of health and mindfulness technique in mind-body medicine is used to help patients with chronic illness. Therefore, this clinical trial was conducted to determine the effect of the mindfulness program on the general health of patients undergoing treatment with hemodialysis.
Sixty hemodialysis patients were selected through the convenient method and randomly divided into experimental and control groups. Both groups completed demographic information questionnaire and general health questionnaire. Then, the experimental group received 8 sessions of mindfulness training and the control group received 8 sessions of education in relation to end-stage renal disease and hemodialysis. Educational sessions were performed for both groups in the second 30 min after hemodialysis for 1 h in six individual sessions and two 1.5 h group sessions. Immediately after and 1 month after the intervention, the General Health Questionnaire was completed by both groups.
Analysis of the findings showed no significant differences between the mean score of general health disorder and its subscales before the intervention in to two groups ( > 0.05). Nevertheless, after intervention in the experimental group, the mean of general health disorder score decreased from 44.17 ± 12.32 to 21.9 ± 6.4 and 1 month after the intervention, the mean score of this score was 23.6 ± 6.2. The mean score of physical symptoms, anxiety and sleep disorder, social functioning deficiency, and depression were also significantly lower in the experimental group immediately after intervention and 1 month after the intervention; however, there were no significant differences between the mean of this score immediately and 1 month after the intervention. In addition, the mean score of general health disorder changes immediately and 1 month after the intervention in the experimental group was significantly more than the control group. In the control group, there was no significant difference between the mean score of general health disorder and its subscales before, immediately, and 1 month after the intervention ( > 0.05).
The results of this research showed that mindfulness has been effective in reducing physical and anxiety symptoms, sleep disorder, social dysfunction, and depression symptoms. Therefore, the use of mindfulness as a complementary treatment can improve the general health level in these patients.
接受血液透析的患者健康水平较低，身心医学中的正念技巧被用于帮助慢性病患者。因此，开展了这项临床试验以确定正念计划对接受血液透析治疗患者总体健康状况的影响。
通过便利抽样法选取60名血液透析患者，并随机分为实验组和对照组。两组均完成人口统计学信息问卷和总体健康问卷。然后，实验组接受8次正念训练，对照组接受8次关于终末期肾病和血液透析的教育。教育课程在血液透析后的第二个30分钟进行，共6次个体课程，每次1小时，以及2次1.5小时的小组课程。干预结束后立即以及干预后1个月，两组均完成总体健康问卷。
研究结果分析显示，两组干预前总体健康障碍及其子量表的平均分无显著差异（P>0.05）。然而，实验组干预后，总体健康障碍评分的平均分从44.17±12.32降至21.9±6.4，干预后1个月，该评分的平均分是23.6±6.2。实验组干预后立即以及干预后1个月，身体症状、焦虑和睡眠障碍、社会功能缺陷以及抑郁的平均分也显著更低；然而，干预后立即和干预后1个月该评分的平均分之间无显著差异。此外，实验组干预后立即和干预后1个月总体健康障碍变化的平均分显著高于对照组。在对照组中，干预前、干预后立即以及干预后1个月总体健康障碍及其子量表的平均分无显著差异（P>0.05）。
本研究结果表明，正念在减轻身体和焦虑症状、睡眠障碍、社会功能障碍以及抑郁症状方面有效。因此，将正念作为辅助治疗方法可提高这些患者的总体健康水平。
