Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund, Germany.
Conscious Cogn. 2018 Aug;63:99-109. doi: 10.1016/j.concog.2018.06.014. Epub 2018 Jun 30.
Our understanding of (altered) time perception may benefit from investigating its potential effects upon other psychological and physiological parameters. To date, however, only a few rather isolated studies have experimentally manipulated the subjective passage of time or the amount of apparently elapsed duration in order to investigate such effects. Based on our review of these studies, first, altered time perception can be induced effectively by means of rigged (accelerated or decelerated) external clocks, second, these clock-speed manipulations remain unnoticed by most participants, and third, several psychological, cognitive, behavioral, and physiological variables can be affected, e.g., fatigue, hunger, pain perception. However, the existing studies on time-perception manipulation do not systematically relate to each other and the underlying mechanisms of the observed effects are poorly understood. Based on cognitive appraisal theories and the given empirical results, we propose a cognitive framework for interpreting and explaining the effects of manipulations of time perception.
我们对（改变的）时间感知的理解可能受益于研究其对其他心理和生理参数的潜在影响。然而，迄今为止，只有少数相当孤立的研究通过实验性地操纵主观时间流逝或明显流逝的时间量来研究这种影响。基于我们对这些研究的回顾，首先，可以通过操纵（加速或减速）外部时钟有效地诱导改变的时间感知，其次，这些时钟速度操纵大多数参与者都没有注意到，第三，几种心理、认知、行为和生理变量可能会受到影响，例如疲劳、饥饿、疼痛感知。然而，现有的时间感知操纵研究彼此之间没有系统地联系，并且观察到的效果的潜在机制还了解甚少。基于认知评价理论和给定的实证结果，我们提出了一个认知框架来解释和解释时间感知操纵的影响。
