Department of Psychology, Stanford University, USA.
Department of Psychology, Stanford University, USA.
Curr Opin Psychol. 2018 Dec;24:67-71. doi: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2018.05.005. Epub 2018 May 16.
Empathy supports adaptive social behaviors such as cooperation and helping. It is also fragile, and commonly unravels in contexts such as intergroup conflict. Insights from neuroscience support the idea that empathy is context sensitive, but recent findings suggest that empathy (and its fragility) reflect individuals' motives in a given context rather than context alone. Here we explore motivated empathy from the perspective of social neuroscience, examining how motives shape empathy-related brain activity. We also describe recent motive-based empathy interventions, their biological underpinnings, and their behavioral consequences. Finally, we propose novel applications of recent neuroimaging techniques to promote empathy, emotional wellbeing, and social adjustment.
同理心支持适应性的社会行为，如合作和帮助。它也很脆弱，通常在群体间冲突等情况下瓦解。神经科学的研究结果支持同理心是情境敏感的观点，但最近的研究结果表明，同理心（及其脆弱性）反映了个体在特定情境下的动机，而不仅仅是情境本身。在这里，我们从社会神经科学的角度探讨有动机的同理心，研究动机如何塑造与同理心相关的大脑活动。我们还描述了最近基于动机的同理心干预措施，它们的生物学基础及其行为后果。最后，我们提出了利用最新神经影像学技术来促进同理心、情绪健康和社会适应的新应用。
