Tsachev Ilia, Pantchev Nikola, Marutsov Plamen, Petrov Vladimir, Gundasheva Dimitrina, Baymakova Magdalena
1 Department of Microbiology, Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University , Stara Zagora, Bulgaria .
2 Department of Infectious Diseases, IDEXX Laboratories , Ludwigsburg, Germany .
Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2018 Nov;18(11):588-594. doi: 10.1089/vbz.2018.2293. Epub 2018 Jul 3.
Lyme Borreliosis and granulocytic anaplasmosis are less extensively studied in horses than in dogs and humans. Equine ehrlichiosis is not known in Europe and is in the initial stage of investigation in South, Central, and North America. The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of these infections in Bulgaria. A total of 155 horses were investigated from five regions in Southeastern Bulgaria. Horses were tested for Borrelia burgdorferi, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, and Ehrlichia spp. antibodies by a commercial rapid ELISA test. B. burgdorferi and A. phagocytophilum antibodies were found in all five regions (Burgas, Sliven, Stara Zagora, Haskovo, and Kardzhali) at frequencies of 36/155 (23.2%; 95% CI: 16.8-30.7%; ranging by region from 6.4% to 50%) and 31/155 (20%; 95% CI: 14-27.2%; ranging by region from 10% to 30.8%), respectively. Antibodies against Ehrlichia spp. were found in horses from three regions (Burgas, Stara Zagora, and Haskovo) at a rate of 6/155 (3.9%; 95% CI: 1.4-8.2%; ranging by region from 5.7% to 6.4%). The combination of B. burgdorferi/A. phagocytophilum (11/155; 7.1%; 95% CI: 3.6-12.3%) was the most common coexposure observed, followed by B. burgdorferi/Ehrlichia spp. (2/155; 1.3%; 95% CI: 0.2-4.6%) and A. phagocytophilum/Ehrlichia spp. (1/155; 0.6%; 95% CI: 0-3.5%). The study shows that horses in Bulgaria are exposed or coexposed to three tick-transmitted zoonotic bacterial species. Furthermore, it reports Ehrlichia spp. seroreactivity in equines in Europe.
与犬类和人类相比，莱姆病螺旋体病和粒细胞无形体病在马匹中的研究较少。欧洲尚无马埃立克体病，而在南美洲、中美洲和北美洲，该病正处于研究初期。本研究的目的是确定这些感染在保加利亚马匹中的血清流行率。对保加利亚东南部五个地区的155匹马进行了调查。通过商业快速ELISA检测对马匹进行伯氏疏螺旋体、嗜吞噬细胞无形体和埃立克体属抗体检测。在所有五个地区（布尔加斯、斯利文、旧扎戈拉、哈斯科沃和卡尔扎利）均发现了伯氏疏螺旋体和嗜吞噬细胞无形体抗体，频率分别为36/155（23.2%；95%置信区间：16.8 - 30.7%；各地区范围为6.4%至50%）和31/155（20%；95%置信区间：14 - 27.2%；各地区范围为10%至30.8%）。在三个地区（布尔加斯、旧扎戈拉和哈斯科沃）的马匹中发现了抗埃立克体属抗体，比率为6/155（3.9%；95%置信区间：1.4 - 8.2%；各地区范围为5.7%至6.4%）。伯氏疏螺旋体/嗜吞噬细胞无形体的合并感染（11/155；7.1%；95%置信区间：3.6 - 12.3%）是观察到的最常见的合并暴露情况，其次是伯氏疏螺旋体/埃立克体属（2/155；1.3%；95%置信区间：0.2 - 4.6%）和嗜吞噬细胞无形体/埃立克体属（1/155；0.6%；95%置信区间：0 - 3.5%）。该研究表明，保加利亚的马匹暴露于或合并暴露于三种蜱传播的人畜共患细菌物种。此外，它报告了欧洲马匹中埃立克体属的血清反应性。
