a Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
b Department of Nutrition, School of Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran.
Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2019 Jan;44(1):52-58. doi: 10.1139/apnm-2018-0145. Epub 2018 Jul 3.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a multifactorial endocrine disorder in women. Change in lifestyle, especially dietary pattern, might have a role in the prevalence of PCOS. The limited number of studies has made it difficult to draw any conclusion about the relationship of dietary patterns with PCOS. This study aimed to investigate the association between dietary patterns and PCOS. A case-control study was performed on 225 patients newly diagnosed with PCOS and 345 healthy women in Isfahan, Iran. The presence of PCOS was confirmed by expert gynecologists based on Rotterdam criteria. Usual dietary intake was assessed by a 168-item food frequency questionnaire. Dietary patterns were identified by principal component analysis. Three major dietary patterns including Western, plant-based, and mixed were identified that explained 53.93% of the variance in food intake. The top tertile of the Western dietary pattern significantly increased the odds of PCOS (odds ratio (OR), 2.03; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.12-3.67), both before and after adjustments for covariates. After adjustments for potential confounders, the highest tertile of the plant-based dietary pattern was related to higher odds of PCOS than the lowest tertile (OR, 2.32; 95% CI, 1.23-4.37). In addition, those in the second tertile of the mixed dietary pattern were 66% less likely to have PCOS compared with those in the lowest tertile (OR, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.18-0.61). In conclusion, we found that Western and plant-based dietary patterns were associated with an increased risk of PCOS. Also, moderate adherence to the mixed dietary pattern was associated with a reduced risk of PCOS. Additional studies with a longitudinal design are required to confirm our findings.
多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）是一种女性多因素内分泌紊乱。生活方式的改变，尤其是饮食模式，可能在 PCOS 的流行中起作用。由于研究数量有限，很难得出关于饮食模式与 PCOS 之间关系的任何结论。本研究旨在探讨饮食模式与 PCOS 之间的关系。在伊朗伊斯法罕对 225 名新诊断为 PCOS 的患者和 345 名健康女性进行了病例对照研究。根据 Rotterdam 标准，由专家妇科医生确认 PCOS 的存在。通过 168 项食物频率问卷评估习惯性饮食摄入。通过主成分分析确定饮食模式。确定了三种主要的饮食模式，包括西方、植物性和混合性，它们解释了 53.93%的食物摄入方差。西方饮食模式的前三分之一显著增加了 PCOS 的几率（比值比（OR），2.03；95%置信区间（CI），1.12-3.67），调整协变量前后均如此。调整潜在混杂因素后，最高 tertile 的植物性饮食模式与较高的 PCOS 几率相关（OR，2.32；95%CI，1.23-4.37）。此外，与最低 tertile 相比，混合饮食模式第二 tertile 的人发生 PCOS 的几率降低了 66%（OR，0.34；95%CI，0.18-0.61）。总之，我们发现西方和植物性饮食模式与 PCOS 风险增加有关。此外，适度遵循混合饮食模式与 PCOS 风险降低有关。需要进行具有纵向设计的进一步研究来证实我们的发现。
