Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.
Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA; Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
Immunol Lett. 2018 Aug;200:43-51. doi: 10.1016/j.imlet.2018.06.009. Epub 2018 Jun 30.
The skin comprises a complex coordinated system of epithelial tissue cells and immune cells that ensure adequate immune reactions against trauma, toxins and pathogens, while maintaining tissue homeostasis. Keratinocytes form the outermost barrier of the skin, and sense changes in barrier integrity, intrusion of microbial components and stress molecules. Thus, they act as sentinels that continuously communicate the status of the organ to the cutaneous immune system. Upon damage the keratinocytes initiate a pro-inflammatory signaling cascade that leads to the activation of resident immune cells. Simultaneously, the tissue mediates and supports immune-suppressive functions to contain inflammation locally. After resolution of inflammation, the skin provides a niche for regulatory and effector memory T cells that can quickly respond to reoccurring antigens. In this review we discuss the central role of keratinocyte-derived signals in controlling cutaneous T cell immunity.
皮肤由上皮组织细胞和免疫细胞组成的复杂协调系统组成，可确保针对创伤、毒素和病原体产生充分的免疫反应，同时维持组织内环境稳定。角朊细胞构成皮肤的最外层屏障，可感知屏障完整性的变化、微生物成分和应激分子的入侵。因此，它们充当哨兵，不断向皮肤免疫系统传递器官的状态。在受到损伤后，角朊细胞启动促炎信号级联反应，导致常驻免疫细胞被激活。同时，组织介导并支持免疫抑制功能，以局部控制炎症。在炎症消退后，皮肤为调节性和效应记忆 T 细胞提供了一个小生境，使其能够快速响应再次出现的抗原。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了角朊细胞衍生信号在控制皮肤 T 细胞免疫中的核心作用。
