Network Aging Research (NAR), Heidelberg University, Bergheimer Straße 20, DE-69115, Heidelberg, Germany.
Department of Human Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
BMC Geriatr. 2018 Jul 3;18(1):156. doi: 10.1186/s12877-018-0845-9.
With the growing number of young-older adults (baby-boomers), there is an increasing demand for assessment tools specific for this population, which are able to detect subtle balance and mobility deficits. Various balance and mobility tests already exist, but suffer from ceiling effects in higher functioning older adults. A reliable and valid challenging balance and mobility test is critical to determine a young-older adult's balance and mobility performance and to timely initiate preventive interventions. The aim was to evaluate the concurrent validity, inter- and intrarater reliability, internal consistency, and ceiling effects of a challenging balance and mobility scale, the Community Balance and Mobility Scale (CBM), in young-older adults aged 60 to 70 years.
Fifty-one participants aged 66.4 ± 2.7 years (range, 60-70 years) were assessed with the CBM. The Fullerton Advanced Balance scale (FAB), 3-Meter Tandem Walk (3MTW), 8-level balance scale, Timed-Up-and-Go (TUG), and 7-m habitual gait speed were used to estimate concurrent validity, examined by Spearman correlation coefficient (ρ). Inter- and intrarater reliability were calculated as Intra-class-correlations (ICC), and internal consistency by Cronbach alpha and item-total correlations (ρ). Ceiling effects were determined by obtaining the percentage of participants reaching the highest possible score.
The CBM significantly correlated with the FAB (ρ = 0.75; p < .001), 3MTW errors (ρ = - 0.61; p < .001), 3MTW time (ρ = - 0.35; p = .05), the 8-level balance scale (ρ = 0.35; p < .05), the TUG (ρ = - 0.42; p < .01), and 7-m habitual gait speed (ρ = 0.46, p < .001). Inter- (ICC = 0.97), intrarater reliability (ICC = 1.00) were excellent, and internal consistency (α = 0.88; ρ = 0.28-0.81) was good to satisfactory. The CBM did not show ceiling effects in contrast to other scales.
Concurrent validity of the CBM was good when compared to the FAB and moderate to good when compared to other measures of balance and mobility. Based on this study, the CBM can be recommended to measure balance and mobility performance in the specific population of young-older adults.
Trial number: ISRCTN37750605 . (Registered on 21/04/2016).
随着年轻老年人（婴儿潮一代）人数的增加，对专门针对这一人群的评估工具的需求也在不断增加，这些工具能够检测到微妙的平衡和移动缺陷。现已有各种平衡和移动测试，但在功能较高的老年人中存在天花板效应。可靠和有效的挑战性平衡和移动测试对于确定年轻老年人的平衡和移动表现以及及时进行预防性干预至关重要。目的是评估适用于 60 至 70 岁年轻老年人的具有挑战性的平衡和移动量表（社区平衡和移动量表（CBM））的同时效度、组内和组间信度、内部一致性和天花板效应。
51 名参与者的年龄为 66.4 ± 2.7 岁（60-70 岁），使用 CBM 进行评估。Fullerton 高级平衡量表（FAB）、3 米串联步行（3MTW）、8 级平衡量表、计时起立行走测试（TUG）和 7 米习惯性步行速度用于估计同时效度，通过 Spearman 相关系数（ρ）进行检查。组内和组间信度通过组内相关系数（ICC）计算，内部一致性通过 Cronbach alpha 和项目总分相关系数（ρ）计算。通过获得达到最高分的参与者百分比来确定天花板效应。
CBM 与 FAB（ρ=0.75；p<0.001）、3MTW 错误（ρ=-0.61；p<0.001）、3MTW 时间（ρ=-0.35；p=0.05）、8 级平衡量表（ρ=0.35；p<0.05）、TUG（ρ=-0.42；p<0.01）和 7 米习惯性步行速度（ρ=0.46，p<0.001）显著相关。组内（ICC=0.97）、组内信度（ICC=1.00）均为优秀，内部一致性（α=0.88；ρ=0.28-0.81）为良好至满意。与其他量表相比，CBM 没有显示出天花板效应。
与 FAB 相比，CBM 的同时效度良好，与其他平衡和移动测量方法相比，为中等至良好。基于这项研究，CBM 可以推荐用于测量年轻老年人这一特定人群的平衡和移动表现。
试验编号：ISRCTN37750605。（2016 年 4 月 21 日注册）
