Chandrakumar Dilushi, Feuerriegel Daniel, Bode Stefan, Grech Megan, Keage Hannah A D
Cognitive Ageing and Impairment Neurosciences Laboratory, School of Psychology, Social Work and Social Policy, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
Decision Neuroscience Laboratory, Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Front Behav Neurosci. 2018 Jun 19;12:111. doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2018.00111. eCollection 2018.
Event-related potentials (ERPs) have been used to investigate neural mechanisms underlying risk-related decisions over the last 16 years. We aimed to systematically evaluate associations between risk-taking and ERP components elicited during decisions and following feedback. A total of 79 articles identified from PsychINFO and PubMed databases met the inclusion criteria. Selected articles assessed early ERP components (feedback-related negativity/FRN, error-related negativity/ERN, and medial frontal negativity/MFN) and the mid-latency P3 component, all using gambling paradigms that involved selecting between choices of varying risk (e.g., Iowa Gambling Task, Balloon Analogue Risk Task, and two-choice gambling tasks). The P3 component was consistently enhanced to the selection of risky options and when positive feedback (as compared to negative feedback) was provided. Also consistently, the early negative components were found to be larger following feedback indicating monetary losses as compared to gains. In the majority of studies reviewed here, risk was conceptualized in the context of simple economical decisions in gambling tasks. As such, this narrow concept of risk might not capture the diversity of risky decisions made in other areas of everyday experience, for example, social, health, and recreational risk-related decisions. It therefore remains to be seen whether the risk-sensitivity of the ERP components reviewed here generalizes to other domains of life.
在过去16年中，事件相关电位（ERP）已被用于研究风险相关决策背后的神经机制。我们旨在系统评估决策过程中以及反馈之后所诱发的ERP成分与冒险行为之间的关联。从PsychINFO和PubMed数据库中筛选出的79篇文章符合纳入标准。所选文章评估了早期ERP成分（反馈相关负波/FRN、错误相关负波/ERN和内侧额叶负波/MFN）以及中潜伏期P3成分，均采用了涉及在不同风险选择之间进行抉择的赌博范式（例如，爱荷华赌博任务、气球模拟风险任务和二选一赌博任务）。P3成分在选择风险选项以及提供正性反馈（与负性反馈相比）时持续增强。同样一致的是，与收益相比，在反馈显示金钱损失之后，早期负性成分被发现更大。在此处回顾的大多数研究中，风险是在赌博任务中的简单经济决策背景下被概念化的。因此，这种狭义的风险概念可能无法涵盖日常经验其他领域中所做出的风险决策的多样性，例如，与社会、健康和娱乐相关的风险决策。因此，这里所回顾的ERP成分的风险敏感性是否能推广到生活的其他领域仍有待观察。
