Souza Maria de Fátima Marinho de, Malta Deborah Carvalho, França Elisabeth Barboza, Barreto Mauricio Lima
Instituto de Medicina Social, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. R. São Francisco Xavier 524/1006 A, Maracanã. 20550-900 Rio de Janeiro RJ Brasil.
Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG). Belo Horizonte MG Brasil.
Cien Saude Colet. 2018 Jun;23(6):1737-1750. doi: 10.1590/1413-81232018236.04822018.
The Unified Healthcare System (SUS) was created to ensure the population's right to universal, free and comprehensive healthcare. This study compares the health indicators measured in 1990 to those measured in 2015 in Brazil and its states. The goal is to contribute to understanding the role SUS played in changing the nation's health profile. Analyses use estimates in the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study for Brazil and its states, and compares 1990 and 2015. The main results are increased life expectancy, as well as an increase in the population's longevity measured in health-adjusted life expectancy. These in turn are due to a sharp decline in mortality due to transmissible diseases, in maternal and infant morbi-mortality, and avoidable causes of death. NTCDs are the leading cause of death, followed by violence. Poor diet is the leading risk factor, followed by metabolic issues. Tobacco use decreased over the period, as did infant malnutrition. In the thirty years since the SUS was created, health indicators in this country have improved, and major progress has been made to reduce inequality across the country's regions.
统一医疗体系（SUS）的建立是为了确保民众享有普遍、免费和全面医疗保健的权利。本研究比较了1990年和2015年巴西及其各州所测量的健康指标。目的是促进对SUS在改变该国健康状况方面所起作用的理解。分析采用了全球疾病负担（GBD）研究中巴西及其各州的估计数据，并对1990年和2015年的数据进行了比较。主要结果是预期寿命增加，以及以健康调整生命年衡量的人口长寿增加。这反过来又归因于传染病导致的死亡率急剧下降、母婴发病率和死亡率以及可避免的死亡原因。非传染性疾病是主要死因，其次是暴力。不良饮食是主要风险因素，其次是代谢问题。在此期间，烟草使用减少，婴儿营养不良情况也有所改善。自SUS建立三十年来，该国的健康指标有所改善，并且在减少全国各地区不平等方面取得了重大进展。
