Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway.
Department of Oral Surgery and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway.
Nutrients. 2018 Jul 4;10(7):866. doi: 10.3390/nu10070866.
There is limited knowledge about dietary intake and body composition among patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome. We assessed dietary intakes with 24-h recalls and body composition with anthropometry and bioelectrical impedance in 20 female patients. Various scoring tools were used to assess oral health. The patients had a lower energy percentage (E%) from carbohydrates ( = 0.02) and a higher E% from fat ( = 0.01) compared to a reference group. The lower intake of carbohydrates was due to a lower bread intake ( = 0.04), while the higher intake of fat was due to a higher intake of butter, margarine, and oil ( = 0.01). The patients ate more than twice ( = 0.02) as much fish as the reference group. The compliance to recommended intakes of macro- and micronutrients was good. Forty-percent of the patients were overweight/obese. Increased intake of beverages was observed in patients with severe xerostomia and/or low oral health-related quality of life, whereas reduced fat intake was found in hyposmic patients. In conclusion, the dietary intake among the patients was not much different from the reference group and complied with recommendations. Most oral health parameters were not associated with nutrient intakes. Specific dietary guidelines are probably not needed to ensure adequate nutrition among such patients.
原发性干燥综合征患者的饮食摄入和身体成分知之甚少。我们通过 24 小时回顾法评估了 20 名女性患者的饮食摄入，通过人体测量法和生物电阻抗法评估了身体成分。使用各种评分工具评估口腔健康。与参考组相比，患者的碳水化合物能量百分比（E%）较低（ = 0.02），脂肪能量百分比（E%）较高（ = 0.01）。碳水化合物摄入量较低是由于面包摄入量较低（ = 0.04），而脂肪摄入量较高是由于黄油、人造黄油和油的摄入量较高（ = 0.01）。患者摄入的鱼类是参考组的两倍多（ = 0.02）。宏量和微量营养素的推荐摄入量的依从性良好。40%的患者超重/肥胖。在口干症严重和/或口腔健康相关生活质量较低的患者中观察到饮料摄入量增加，而在嗅觉减退的患者中发现脂肪摄入量减少。总之，患者的饮食摄入与参考组没有太大区别，并且符合建议。大多数口腔健康参数与营养摄入量无关。对于此类患者，可能不需要特定的饮食指南来确保充足的营养。
