Ye Yingying, Fu Zeqin, Tian Yunfang, Li Jiji, Guo Baoying, Lv Zhenming, Wu Changwen
National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316022, Zhejiang, China.
Genes Genomics. 2018 Nov;40(11):1213-1223. doi: 10.1007/s13258-018-0718-9. Epub 2018 Jul 4.
Pelagic larval dispersal habits influence the population genetic structure of marine mollusk organisms via gene flow. The genetic information of the clam Gomphina aequilatera (short larval stage, 10 days) which is ecologically and economically important in the China coast is unknown. To determine the influence of planktonic larval duration on the genetic structure of G. aequilatera. Mitochondrial markers, cytochrome oxidase subunit i (COI) and 12S ribosomal RNA (12S rRNA), were used to investigate the population structure of wild G. aequilatera specimens from four China Sea coastal locations (Zhoushan, Nanji Island, Zhangpu and Beihai). Partial COI (685 bp) and 12S rRNA (350 bp) sequences were determined. High level and significant F values were obtained among the different localities, based on either COI (F = 0.100-0.444, P < 0.05) or 12S rRNA (F = 0.193-0.742, P < 0.05), indicating a high degree of genetic differentiation among the populations. The pairwise N between Beihai and Zhoushan for COI was 0.626 and the other four pairwise N values were > 1, indicating extensive gene flow among them. The 12S rRNA showed the same pattern. AMOVA test results for COI and 12S rRNA indicated major genetic variation within the populations: 77.96% within and 22.04% among the populations for COI, 55.73% within and 44.27% among the populations for 12S rRNA. A median-joining network suggested obvious genetic differentiation between the Zhoushan and Beihai populations. This study revealed the extant population genetic structure of G. aequilatera and showed a strong population structure in a species with a short planktonic larval stage.
海洋幼虫扩散习性通过基因流影响海洋软体动物的种群遗传结构。在中国沿海具有生态和经济重要性的等边浅蛤（浮游幼虫阶段短，为10天）的遗传信息尚不清楚。为了确定浮游幼虫持续时间对等边浅蛤遗传结构的影响，采用线粒体标记细胞色素氧化酶亚基I（COI）和12S核糖体RNA（12S rRNA）来研究来自中国海四个沿海地点（舟山、南麂岛、漳浦和北海）的野生等边浅蛤样本的种群结构。测定了部分COI（685bp）和12S rRNA（350bp）序列。基于COI（F = 0.100 - 0.444，P < 0.05）或12S rRNA（F = 0.193 - 0.742，P < 0.05），在不同地点间获得了高水平且显著的F值，表明种群间存在高度的遗传分化。北海和舟山之间COI的成对N值为0.626，其他四对成对N值>1，表明它们之间存在广泛的基因流。12S rRNA呈现相同模式。COI和12S rRNA的AMOVA检验结果表明种群内存在主要遗传变异：COI的种群内变异为77.96%，种群间变异为22.04%；12S rRNA的种群内变异为55.73%，种群间变异为44.27%。一个中介连接网络表明舟山和北海种群之间存在明显的遗传分化。本研究揭示了等边浅蛤现存的种群遗传结构，并显示出在浮游幼虫阶段短的物种中存在强烈的种群结构。
