National Engineering Research Center of Maricultural Facilities of China, College of Marine Science and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316004, People's Republic of China.
Mol Biol Rep. 2020 Jan;47(1):693-702. doi: 10.1007/s11033-019-05177-9. Epub 2019 Nov 7.
The hard clam Meretrix lamarckii is ecologically and economically important in the coastal regions of China. In this study, we evaluated the genetic diversity and population structure of six M. lamarckii populations in the East China Sea and the South China Sea using mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) and cytochrome b (Cytb) genes. We obtained 582 bp of partly sequences comprising 28 novel haplotypes of COI gene from 138 specimens and 1168 bp of partly sequences comprising 22 novel haplotypes of Cytb gene from 125 specimens. The haplotype diversity of COI and Cytb genes ranged from 0.606 to 0.862 and 0.562 to 0.863, respectively. The nucleotide diversity ranged from 0.0015 to 0.0038 in COI gene and ranged from 0.0007 to 0.0032 in Cytb gene. Thus, there is moderate-level genetic diversity in M. lamarckii in the China Sea. The F-statistics showed that the Zhoushan (ZS) and Xiangshan (XS) populations were significantly (P < 0.01) differed from the populations of Wenzhou (WZ), Zhangpu (ZP), Shantou (ST), and Zhanjiang (ZJ) in both COI and Cytb genes. Both haplotypes network and plot of STRUCTURE analysis suggested obviously genetic divergence between East China Sea and South China Sea regions. Knowledge on genetic variation and population structure of M. lamarckii populations along the Southeast China Sea obtained from this study will support the aquaculture management and conservation of M. lamarckii in China.
中国东海和南海的毛蚶 Meretrix lamarckii 生态和经济重要性。在本研究中，我们评估了六个 M. lamarckii 种群的遗传多样性和种群结构使用线粒体细胞色素 c 氧化酶亚基 1 (COI) 和细胞色素 b (Cytb) 基因。我们从 138 个标本中获得了 582bp 的部分序列，包括 COI 基因的 28 个新单倍型，从 125 个标本中获得了 1168bp 的部分序列，包括 Cytb 基因的 22 个新单倍型。COI 和 Cytb 基因的单倍型多样性范围分别为 0.606 至 0.862 和 0.562 至 0.863。COI 基因的核苷酸多样性范围为 0.0015 至 0.0038，Cytb 基因的核苷酸多样性范围为 0.0007 至 0.0032。因此，中国海域的 M. lamarckii 具有中等水平的遗传多样性。F 统计显示，舟山（ZS）和象山（XS）种群在 COI 和 Cytb 基因上与温州（WZ）、漳浦（ZP）、汕头（ST）和湛江（ZJ）的种群有显著差异（P<0.01）。单倍型网络和 STRUCTURE 分析图均表明东海和南海地区存在明显的遗传分化。本研究获得的中国东南沿海毛蚶种群遗传变异和种群结构的知识将支持毛蚶的水产养殖管理和保护。
